Invisible Man Essay: Identity and Invisibility -- Invisible Man Essays

Identity and invisibility in Invisible Man It is not inevitable to be a racist to impose invisibility upon another person. Ignoring someone or acting as if we had not seen him or her, because they make us feel uncomfortable, is the identical as pretending that he or she does not exist. Invisibility is what the main character of Ralph Ellisons Invisible Man called it when others would not recognize or accommodate him as a person. The narrator describes his invisibility by saying, I am invisible ... simply because people refuse to see me. Throughout the Prologue, the narrator likens his invisibility to such(prenominal) things as the bodiless heads you see sometimes in circus sideshows. He later explains that he is neither dead nor in a state of hang up animation, but rather is in a state of hibernation. (Ellison 6) This invisibility is something that the narrator has come to accept and even embrace, saying that he did not become animate until he discovered his invisibility. (E llison 7) However, as we read on in the story, it is apparent that the invisibility that the narrator experiences, goes much further than just white people unwilling to acknowledge him for who he is. While searching for his true identity, the narrator frequently encounters different people who each see him differently. Who the hell am I? is the question that sticks with him as he realizes that nobody, not even he, understands who he really is. At some points in his life, identities are given to him, even as he is still move to find himself. While in the Brotherhood, he was given a new identity which was written on a slip of paper. (Ellison 309) He was told to starting opinion of himself by that name ... so that eve... ... Cliffs, N.J. Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1971. 45-63. Ellison, Ralph. Invisible Man. raw York The Modern Library, 1994. Holland, Laurence B. Ellison in Black and White Confession, Violence and Rhetoric in Invisible Man. Black Fiction New Studies in the Afro-American Novel since 1945. Ed. A. Robert Lee. London Vision Press, 1980. 54-73. Klein, Marcus. Ralph Ellison. After Alienation American Novels in Mid-Century. Cleveland World Pub., 1964. 71-146. Langman, F.H. Reconsidering Invisible Man. The Critical Review. 18 (1976) 114-27. Lieber, Todd M. Ralph Ellison and the Metaphor of Invisibility in Black Literary Tradition. American Quarterly. Mar. 1972 86-100. Major, Clarence. American Poetry Review. Nov/Dec. (1973) 17. Morris, Wright. The World Below. The New York Times Book Review 13 Apr.1952 5.

Flags of All Countries :: Essays Papers

Flags of All Countries Flags hold a personal fascination for me. On the World Wide Web, Flags of all Countries made me sit up and take notice. This invest can be found at www.immigration-usa.com/flags/. I have written of certain flags and the memories they invoke in the past. Who would have thought so much randomness could be packed into a site that at face value is about rectangular pieces of fabric? Even though I did no research of my own into this area, the site seemed factual and well documented. Flags of all Countries chose as their Web Master noteworthy ITA, or Information Technology Associates. This company specializes in geographic references, web design, software, and domestic and international flags. ITA is a company that strives to help people by making selective information available. They sell software to immigrants, the United States government, foreign governments, whopping corporations, hospitals, and to interested individuals. With such a broad r ange of consumers, ITA has established a reputable, trustworthy reputation. Photius Coutsoukis, a man known and rewarded for his online translators and online stores, founded Information Technology Associates in 1994. From that accompaniment the company blossomed from an education site for United States immigrants to a software boutique, e-merchant, and a major Internet publisher. All this information contributed to the credibility of the Flags of all Countries site. Flags of all Countries is also very user friendly. Every contemporary country in the world is listed. Each country listed is a link to either a list of the states in that country or the flag of the country itself. This list is fit(p) in the visible center column where it is easily accessible. The site also has links located on a column on the left side where the user can find the symbolism and brief history of each flag, or tote up up quick-maps of any and all countries. Also available is informati on on immigration and general facts about the specific countries listed. There is so much information offered it appears impossible to exhaust. This site also gives the user an opportunity to easily paste any of the flags on a personal web page.

Nine Stages of Divine Vision :: essays research papers

Nine Stages of Divine VisionNine stages of life are formed by nine crises that shape our awareness and the way we envision and interpret the cleric in both our cultural and isolated lives. Out vision of the divine is determined by the unique forms and forces in each stage of our lives.The prototypal stage is the unborn stage of the womb. The first part of the first stage is the unborn womb. Since the womb is almost perfect for our prenatal needs, there is an incomparable populate of Kinesthetic euphoria which is the ideal condition for the realization of bliss. The womb provides for the need before it even suffers the need. The bliss is the idea that self-sufficient awareness that precedes desire and satisfaction, and ease haunts after birth has broken the primal serenity. The second part of the first stage is the Lakshm and Vishnu within the comic serpent. The unborn bliss is the first taste of paradise, which we exclusively seek to recover. Each succeeding stage builds upon this infinite awareness adding its own images and forms to its evolving biological, social and psychological experience. Buddha and Jesus both include this idea in their teachings.The conterminous stage is the baby stage of the divine mother. The first part of this stage is the Venus of Laussel. There are many images of her floating around that she is over 20,000 geezerhood old. She ruled over human awareness. Her predecessors thought it was simple just as the human mother creates human life, so the Great pay back of the creation creates only life plants and animals. By her breasts she nourishes her whole creation. She is the universe. The sun and moon are her eyes. The Milky Way are her breasts. And the earth is her body. Maybe she is still with us when we speak of Mother Nature. Mother Goddess is the first personification of the divine in human form. The second part of the second stage is the Madonna of Mercy. This Divine Goddess can resolve our problems and be with us all the time. She can also satisfy our deepest needs and open us to the heavenly gate of eternal and immortal life. The youth stage of the divine father is the next stage. He is the supreme deity of the Romans, named Jupiter. When man seizes the divine power for himself and expels the women from the dignity they hold for millennia as the divine mother.

Moral Dilemma Essay -- Philosophy Essays

Moral Dilemma As human beings, we are hale to accept the inevitability of being unwillingly confronted with billets that test the strength of our morality and character. In the midst of deep moral conflict we become immensely self-examining and we follow our intuition with the hopes of it guiding us towards the morally correct decision. However, how can we be sure that we have acted morally in a situation that is so morbid and perverse that our intuition is completely torn? This is the dilemma that is faced by the mother who is given a terrible choice by a Nazi officer either the officer will kill all three of her children, or the mother must kill one in order of magnitude preserve the lives of the other two. In this situation, guilt remorse and intense emotional pain are unavoidable, thus the mother is forced to reflect upon her intrinsic moral philosophy and values to guide her choice, however horrific it may be. In beginning to tackle this terrible di lemma, a fundamental aspect of this situation must start be realized it is a woman who is faced with this crippling decision. Although subtle, there is an insinuation behind this that will ultimately play a large post in the determination of the final decision. In assigning the moral responsibility to a woman, and more specifically a mother, there is an implication that a unalike and distinct type of moral deliberation comes into play. In a study performed by psychologist Carol Gillian, it was found that the moral reasoning of a group of women was typically more embedded in a context of particular others than was the reasoning or a comparable group of men (Held 724). When we focus on the arrest of women we are able to see a set of moral concerns becoming ... ...nt emotion as a part of morality, we must regard every activity in the same context, and this is clearly an impossibility for us as human beings. We appreciate and understand that we are all practical, emotional beings as opposed to rational, compute beings. Thus, we allow our emotions to influence what actions we deem as morally acceptable and it is only natural that they should be an integral part of moral deliberation. In any situation as atrocious as this, the correct line of moral action is not always clear. However, in considering both emotion and reason, it is possible to reach a moral decision. Sometimes when we are put in situations against our will our intuition is torn and making the right decision can be difficult. The only intimacy we can do in these situations is turn introspectively to our feelings and reason, and understand that we are only human.

On A Friday :: essays research papers

On a FridayIt was a cool sunny Friday morning, the air was crisp blended with a hint of winter. There was pure tone of warm fresh oatmeal, bacon, and scrambled eggs. The smell make its way into my room. Although it was early I still decided to get up and see what was brewing in the kitchen. I got up out of bed and shuffled in my slippers to where the scent was originating. As I walked on over, I tripped over something, my hands broke my fall. I looked toward on what tripped me, then there it was, a giant armor-wearing, sword-bearing dolphin. I paused for one moment. Then the giant dolphin said, Now I have youI paused for one much moment. The warrior whale then said, My name is Derk the Dolphin I have been sent by the conclave of the ocean to destroy you. I then asked him why me? He replied you have consumed two times the amount of fish than a normal human in the past week, and now I have been sent to complete your fish eating Shocked with Derks answer, I curiously asked mysel f, How much fish did I eat this week? I started to consider. Fish pieces at school, a filet-o-fish sandwich after school, trout almandine at home, and more. At that point, I remembered the scent of warm oatmeal, bacon and eggs. I asked Derk what this had to do with the fish problem. He said. Using my knowledge about(predicate) the human diet and psychology, I used the food as bait. At the point that he mentioned the word bait, I started to snicker under my breath. Derk stared at me with a dont you dare laugh look. Then I thought back on the prepared morning meal, and I wondered how Derk made the food. I turned to the large porpoise, and as I was beginning to ask him, he cut me off sharply. He then insisted on reeling off a speech about his life. I have been on many missions, killed many fish consuming humans, blah bablah blah blah..... At this point, I had lost interest in his gibberish, and had began to try to remember what had happened on wrestling last night. After a few min utes, Derk had realized that I had not being paying any attention to his speech this made the giant dolphin very mad.

On A Friday :: essays research papers

On a FridayIt was a cool sunny Friday morning, the air was crisp blended with a hint of winter. There was sniff out of warm fresh oatmeal, bacon, and scrambled eggs. The smell do its way into my room. Although it was early I still decided to get up and see what was brewing in the kitchen. I got up out of bed and shuffled in my slippers to where the scent was originating. As I walked on over, I tripped over something, my hands broke my fall. I looked toward on what tripped me, then there it was, a giant armor-wearing, sword-bearing dolphin. I paused for one moment. Then the giant dolphin said, Now I have youI paused for one more(prenominal) moment. The warrior whale then said, My name is Derk the Dolphin I have been sent by the conclave of the ocean to destroy you. I then asked him why me? He replied you have consumed two times the amount of fish than a normal human in the past week, and now I have been sent to cast off your fish eating Shocked with Derks answer, I curiously asked myself, How much fish did I eat this week? I started to toy with. Fish pieces at school, a filet-o-fish sandwich after school, trout almandine at home, and more. At that point, I remembered the scent of warm oatmeal, bacon and eggs. I asked Derk what this had to do with the fish problem. He said. Using my knowledge active the human diet and psychology, I used the food as bait. At the point that he mentioned the word bait, I started to snicker under my breath. Derk stared at me with a dont you dare laugh look. Then I thought back on the prepared morning meal, and I wondered how Derk made the food. I turned to the large porpoise, unless as I was beginning to ask him, he cut me off sharply. He then insisted on reeling off a speech about his life. I have been on many missions, killed many fish consuming humans, blah bablah blah blah..... At this point, I had lost interest in his gibberish, and had began to try to remember what had happened on wrestling last night. After a few minutes, Derk had realized that I had not being paying any attention to his speech this made the giant dolphin very mad.

Be Careful What You Wish for

BE CAREFUL WHAT YOU WISH FOR Drama practice. Revision. Homework. Writing essays which is what I am doing now So many things to do, so minuscule time to actually do it. I am sprawled on my bed, along with my dictionary fiddling with my pen, deep in thought. Throughout that thousands of seconds I spent theme this essay, I often scrambled through the dictionary or Googled for devises that would come in handy, composing this essay by scribbling word later on word that was unreadable to everyone except myself.As my eyes darted to the untouched Chemistry homework due in two days, I rummaged through the strands of information that meandered at the back of my mind, in the hope of finding the answers to the questions regarding the practicality of what I was doing why am I even writing this essay when I had other plans for today, wish well revising Chapter 2 of History. Sighing, I dropped my Carrera pen and clutched my iPod Nanowhich I believed would be the antidote to my chagrin. Then, I stuffed my earphones into my ears willing my fingers to trace the song that I desperately needed at that secondTime by Hans Zimmer.I was immediately taken in by the mellifluous song, the tender flow dictating my muscles to relax, the abstract beauty of it sinking my mind into a trance. Completely oblivious to the sounds of the immaterial world, I stared blankly at the four alphabets displayed on the screen- T I M E. Time. That was when realisation dawned on me. Its strange how time, woven into our daily lives, casts a huge significance in every molecule of our being. It shows us no benignancy as it numbers our days, thus forcing us to endure the dull prospects of limitations, practicality and similarly the inability to maximise diversity and perfection at the same time.If only I could FEEL like I was divorced from time, savouring one moment to another(prenominal), without having regrets or I could extradite moments. For instance, if only I felt time held no sway over me, could I have kick-started my day with those Manchester join matches in the wee hours of certain mornings without wailing about the lack of sleep? Or I could have aroused my book-worm taste buds by dwelling on that stack of untouched storybooks which I purchased during the Big Bad Wolf Book Sale last year. Brushing the zig-zag thoughts off my mind, I flipped my iPod and gazed at the words sculptured at the back of it-Live in LimboMy mind propelled me to the thought of what that line meant to me. Limbo, as depicted in the movie Inception, is an unconstructed dream space of raw unfathomable subconscious which is more real than reality itself. Every second in Limbo would feel like an eternity, when in contrary, every second actually passes by with blinding speed. And when I meant Live in limbo, I was referring to it as a reminder to enjoy life and FEEL like I am in Limbo To FEEL that time really does crawl so that I can revel in the assumption that time would constantly be by my side like my Best Friend Forever, even when it is not.Right now, if I really was in Limbo, I wouldnt be fretting or whining about time constraints. How I deeply wish that Limbo would be my reality. In that instant, I was transported into a seemingly endless and vast expanse of blankness, similar to that of being in an isolation tank. I knew where I was Limbo. It was now my world, my reality. I had the power to create, filling my world with elements ranging from trees to buildings imagination was the only tool I needed. I was even capable of creating a personal aeroplane but what I valued at that very moment was to FEEL like I had control over time.In a break open second, I had become someone who was born with an notional silver clockThe words silver clock symbolising time that passes by unhurriedly, the word imaginary referring to the fact that I only FEEL the seconds crawling pass and so it is only part of my imagination that time is not running out. I lessened no time in engineering my worldcopying and pasting flashes of my memories into my surreal world. My subconscious mind, on the other hand, automatically filled up my world with projections of mickle I knew and neer knew.My life went on as usual- going to school, attending drama practices, going for tuition, Face bookingBut the difference was the pinch of magic trick in it that of the fact that I didnt FEEL distressed, that I somehow held the key for doing anything I wanted as I felt time outturn with me. I saw myself achieving goal after goal, consigned from oblivion that none of it was real that I was in Limbo, and it was all part of my imagination. The youth in me got sucked out as every second passed- Until I got older and older and at the age of 28, I actually ran out of goals.I had a career, a house, a car that anyone would have dreamed of all of it due to the grace of time being on my side. What else did I want after feeling like I had what I wanted and it seemed like an eternity had just whipped b y? I wanted nothing any more. That was when my mind reeled into aimlessness, boredom, disheartenment. I had nothing else to do. However, even if I did, I would always feel time creeping by me, past me and somehow I would always achieve my goals, even if it was a mile apart from me. It was my world after all.I was bewitched by a spell on my mind indicating that time, for me would be like a space probe plummeting into the depths of the universe. As my mind free-fell into thought, questioning my public assistanceI remembered. The memory came in thick and fast, like someone flipping through the pages of a diary as one image popped out after another vividly in my mind That essay, that sixteen year old girl who had so many things to do. Where did all of that go? Stark reality hit me like a 10. 0 magnitude earthquake I carried memories of twelve unreal years, I had grown older in my own imagination.After that, I would have to involvement a poison called aimlessness for the rest of my lif e. That was only because I wanted to FEEL that time passed by slowly. Now I bemoaned wishing Limbo was my reality. The fear that gripped me visceral, primal. The violent tremor on my shoulders jolted my eyes open. It was my mum. I was sixteen and young. Only ten minutes had passed by since I was in Limbo. I would never wish that Limbo was my realitythe promise to FEEL that time was on my side was an impossible cross to bear. Next time, I will be watchful what I wish for because it might be a poison that I would not be able to deal with. (1199 WORDS)

Volleyball Expectations

My expectations from the team this year are to be good teammates for one other and everyone on the team. This looks like welcoming, encouraging, and helping each other during workouts, practice, and games. It doesnt mean that everyone has to be best friends, but Just that the players treat each other as our shibboleth Its a team thing. My expectations from the coaching staff this year are to watch and correct individual mistakes and not to let bad habits go unnoticed. I like how the coaches will reduce on what we are doing and talk to us about how to fix anything.The personal attention for everyone helps us all to become reveal players. Skill wise, I bring to the table for this team that I am able to get a good pass to the setter, can play advert receive, and I have a Jump serve. I focus on back row because it all starts with a pass. In terms of attitude and leadership, I bring to the table for this team a positive attitude. If a teammate gets discouraged about what theyre doing , I requirement to encourage them to play the next bullock block and not worry about their mistakes.For adhering, when we are out on the court and come together in the middle to talk, I tell the girls that what we need to focus on or add motivation to finish a game. At this era, I perceive my strengths are that I am a fast apprentice and work at correcting my mistakes subsequently instruction. I feel that my weaknesses are that I havent learned all of the plays. For example, Im most comfortable with hitting a 4 as an outside, and although Vive been introduced to other hits Im not as familiar with them.I see my ole on the team this year as an all-around volley wrap player. My role is to be a more efficient hitter/blocker, play defense, and go after every ball as hard as I can. I am to keep the ball in play no matter what. My individual short term finish for the next week at practice is to work on my hitting. I need to get more power and load up on my step-close so I can Jump h igher. I also need to time my approach better to the ball (depending on its tempo) because at practice I was either too early or too late.My worth term goal for our team for the next week at practice is to talk more on the court, because it was pretty much silent last time. We only really talked after coach pointed it out. And even then, we didnt keep it up. Also, to call for the ball as loud as we can when hitting so the setter can hear us. A lot of confusion can be avoided this way. My individual long term goal for this season is to be able to become a better-rounded volleyball player. I indispensableness to improve on my hitting?I am off on my timing and dont get low on my step-close to Jump higher.Also, I want to be more accurate on hitting certain areas on the court. I want to be able to set and pass more on target as well, especially on out of system. My long term goal for our team this season is to be a team that other schools dont want to play because of both our consistenc y on defense and offense. I want our team to dig up balls that has the other side wondering how we were able to divvy up to get the ball up and hitting the ball so hard that the other players are hesitant to go after it. Volleyball Expectations

Upper canopy tree cover in cocoa agroforestry system

Climate Change is one aspect or explanation of how the upkeep of farmers fucking be threatened. (Cocklebur, 2012) In Ghana, the climate has changed over the last years of which crops are getting destroyed due to periods of extreme heat and heavy rains. As Mambo and colleagues outline in their paper, climate change mitigation in Africa to date has largely foc utilise on re woodsation and forest protection. This has often conflicted with the need to embellish agricultural production to feed the continents growing population.But this need not be the case, says Mambo, as exaggerators may be able to deliver both on change magnitude tree call to store carbon while in like manner enhancing agricultural productivity. Cocoa cultivation maintains a higher proportions of upper canopy flower cover (umber exaggerators) which is increasingly being viewed as a sustainable land use practice that is environmentally preferable to other forms of agricultural activities in tropical forest regions because it contributes to biodiversity conservation and income diversification.Properly managed deep brown exaggerators systems play a crucial role in helping farmers adapt and build resilience to uncertain climates. (Langford, 2014). Upper canopy trees can provide a buffer against climatic extremes that impact crop growth. They can enhance understood growth and improve water use efficiency. These trees confound also been shown to increase rainfall utilization compared to annual cropping systems. And are known to have a direct impact on local and regional rainfall patterns, so they also have considerable potential to alleviate drought in parts of Africa. Mambo et. Al, 2014). The use of production landscapes in Ghana for cocoa reduction has increase dramatically over the last three decades. (UNDO, 2014). This research will examine the evolution of the cocoa sector in Ghana primarily to understand the factors that have contributed to the success of the use of upper canopy crown co ver and to look for lessons for fostering agricultural transformation. The relatively dense forest that characterized the initial cultivation of cocoa in Ghana maintained the natural ecosystem suitable for cocoa growth.The territory Administrative superior Jabots is located km to the north-west of Seconds Dictator Metropolitan, the regional capital and a blank space of km from Kumara, the Shanty regional capital. The District shares borders with Bib and Saunas North Municipal in the North, Saunas South and Body District to the east, Seaman District to the south and La Cote divorce to the west. 1. . 2 Materials Materials needed for this study will include the following Measuring tape for measuring rod the length of trees, branches and crowns.Densitometers for measuring of the diameters of trees and branches. Hypocrites for measuring tree height Releasers to determine the upper diameter of big trees Calipers, either wooden beam or finish parabolic will be utilize to measure tree diameters when the diameters are not over CACM. Compass to check directions of NSA and EWE. Sampling intensity This study will be conducted in 12 cocoa farms in the vicinity of Bib district. These farms will be selected purposely base on the maturity of the cocoa exaggerators system practiced.The spread of that line is horizontal distance between those two positions. On steeply sloping ground (1 5 degrees) the taped distance between the two points can be corrected to a true horizontal by use basic trigonometry. Horizontal distance = coos (inclination) x slope distance. The area of the crown may be estimated employing the assumption that is equivalent to the area off circle defined by an average crown diameter. The linear ape will be used to measure the length of crown margin in the direction of NSA, and EWE.The average may be obtained using arithmetic mean of the maximum and minimum crown diameter. These equations will be used in determining the crown surface area and volume Crow n surface area L/2 Crown volume 2 hoc / 12 Where d = diameter at the base of the crown (m), hoc = crown depth (m), and L= length of crown margin (m). DATA ANALYSIS Data acquired from the have intensity will be analyzed using analytical software, GENERATE (VS. international version 2011). Species composition and crown diameters f trees will be compared using the analysis of variance and statistical test.

A History of Pakistan Essay

Believe it or not, India and Pakistan were once a solid and unified country the citizens of the Indian border states of Rajasthan and Punjab were al close looking similar to the citizens of Pakistan (Paul, 2005). So when India became innocent(p) from the British colonizers in 1947, conflicts between the India and Pakistan started to become intense. Since then, India and Pakistan have continuously been angry and uninterested towards separately otherin fact, they have already participated in three major warsand even during periods of peace, the two countrys relationship had always been on the arguing (Jaffrelot, 2005).Inspired by their conflicts regarding territories over the region of Kashmir, anger and hatred developed between the two countries over the years. For Pakistanis, the Kashmir dispute has become a symbol of confounded pledges and Indian duplicity, and they ar constantly attempting to raise the issue whenever possible, thus drawing strong reactions from India on the ot her hand, India considers Kashmir as a vital part of the country, and attempts of the Pakistanis ar viewed as an act to smear Indias image (Conboy, 1992).Read moreCurrent Political Situation of PakistanUp to this day, Kashmir remains the worlds largest and most highly militarized territorial dispute. Worse, as the years passed by, many issues have coupled the long-lived dispute over Kashmir, such as the linked issues of the Siachen Glacier, the Wular Lake Barrage, and the up-to-the-minute Kashmiri struggle communalism and the plight of the minorities nuclear developments periodic domestic troubles the Afghanistan crisis and the involvement of outside powers (King, 1998). The Benefits of Pakistan Partition Economic programs in Pakistan after the period of its segmentation emphasised on core planning.The Pakistani government established objectives for controlling private industries. The partition was established in order to improve domestic jobes and reduce colony on foreign tra de. These efforts led to the stability of its frugal development in the 1950s (Jones, 2003). However, excellent results stopped coming in the two straight decades. By the early 1970s Pakistan had succeeded in conquering its goal of stability in terms of food availability, although this food was not really available to all Pakistanis because of the flawed distribution and shortcomings in the harvest.In the late 1970s the Pakistani government began to decrease its power over the economy, which led to slowed development toward this goal. By 1991, however, the Pakistani government stillness controlled or managed many industries, including mining and financing, manufacturing and construction. Economic development enhanced during this time, at least gradually as a result of scotch programs supported by foreign loans (Jones, 2003). A financial crisis after the partition stimulated Pakistan to institute major economic reforms.Because the partition resulted into an incredible surge in oil prices, Pakistan was haunted by a barrage of payments problem. To gather loans from well-regarded funding organizations, Pakistan made up its mind to implement programs in order to free its economy. These economic programs eliminated many strict government policies on investment, and established tariff systems that maintained trading at a manageable level. Also, reform deregulated many industries and privatized many mankind enterprises. These reforms continued through the mid-1990s, although at a slower rate because of political changes in Indias government.In 1993 Pakistan permitted Pakistan-owned private banks to be established along with a minority of foreign banks (Holliday, 2000). With the reforms, Pakistan incredibly made a smooth transition from a closed and very restrictive economy to one that is open and free to the world. By 1996 to 1997, foreign investment had grown to nearly $6 billion, up from $165 million in 1990 to 1991. Exports and imports also improved significant ly at the corresponding time. Economic growth since the 1980s has brought with it an expansion of the middle class, which was estimated to form 20 to 25 percent of Pakistans population in the mid-1990s.As a result, the submit for consumer goods has expanded rapidly (Mittmann, 1991). In Pakistan, the upsurge of innovative activity seems to have had more to do with the advent of partition than with the Silicon Valley phenomenon. The partition has dramatically changed the market and supply conditions, from being shortage and seller driven to being buyer and competition driven. To survive and grow, firms have to focus on improving their competitiveness. They are realizing that the real source of industrial competition today lies in innovation and the rapid technological change taking place throughout the world.Technology is immediately a key determinant of strategic change in Pakistani firms. Industrial development based on indigenous technology development is still an elusive dream, but the process of technology acquisition and assimilation is now very much a strategic process, aligned with firms need to build competencies (Kudaisya, 2001). The partition has stimulated the rapid growth of innovation-driven industries such as information technology (IT), communications technology, biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.This has led to a new type of business enterprise known as the knowledge enterprise and a new sector of the economy known as the knowledge economy. This sector is now a significant component of the national economy and accounts for a large portion of economic growth. The partition created renewed interest in innovative entrepreneurship as a key driver for the rapid diffusion of innovation in business and industry. Entrepreneurship occupies centre stage in the wealth creation process in the knowledge economy (Cohen, 2004).ReferencesCohen, S, 2004. The Idea of Pakistan. Brookings Institution commove. Conboy, K, 1992. Elite Forces of India an d Pakistan. Osprey Publishing Holliday, T, 2000. Insight Guide Pakistan. Insight Guides 3rd edition Jaffrelot, C, 2005. A History of Pakistan and Its Origins. Anthem Press New edition Jones, O, 2003. Pakistan Eye of the Storm. Yale University Press 2nd edition King, J, 1998. Lonely Planet Pakistan. Lonely Planet Publications 5th edition Kudaisya, G, 2001. The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia. Routledge 1st edition Mittmann, K, 1991. Culture Shock Pakistan. Graphic Arts Center Publishing Company Paul, T, 2005. The India-Pakistan Conflict An Enduring Rivalry. Cambridge University Pres

Highway traffic operations Essay

IntroductionHighway merchandise operations argon influenced by the behavior of drivers. A highway offer be use by a finite number of vehicles, and the driver perceived safe distances between vehicles determine this limit. For a given speed, as distances become shorter, more than vehicles can use the highway. Both the volume of drivers choosing to use the highway (demand) and the maximum volume that can be served (supply) depend on driver behavior. Congestion results from too umteen people attempting to reach their destinations at the same time using the same highways. The combination of demand, capa city, and certain infrastructure features (traffic control devices) determines how drivers perceive the traffic conditions. Transportation agencies pass on for economical solutions to congestion that satisfy a majority of highway users.A traffic signalise introduction is a power-operated device which in social classs motorists or pedestrians when they sport the castigate of way a t a particular intersection. The first traffic signal was installed in London in 1868 and employ semaphore arms together with ruby and green gas lamps. Unfortunately, it exploded, putting an end to this sort of control for 50 years. However, in 1918 the first three colored light signals were installed in New York and in 1925 they started to be used in Great Britain. At the beginning of the 1930s an attempt at making the signals more intelligent, or vehicle responsive, was move in America, using microph iodines at the side of the passage, requiring drivers to sound their horns.This was obviously not too popular and the first traffic detectors electrical and pneumatic were invented. commerce signals are now used through protrude the world, using the three light signals of Green, red and amber. Also, by convention, these are normally arranged vertically with the red signal at the top and the green light at the bottom. This also helps people who are colour blind both drivers and pedestrians to identify the differences between the lights. Traffic signals are used at intersections to reduce skirmishs to a minimum by time sharing of right of way. This actually reduces the capacity of the intersection, but greatly enhances safety.Conflicts at intersections shows the potential conflict points at the stick of two roads, both with two way traffic attends, at which all crossing and merging movements are permitted. With the provision of traffic signal control the number of potential conflicts can be trim back from 64 to zero. There is no doubt that signals are nonpareil of the most effective tools for urban traffic control available to city authorities and their correct installation can improve both traffic flow and the safety of all road users.In comparison to other traffic improvements, signals are also relatively low capital intensive and in recent years the advancement in informatics and telecommunications has led to a new generation of low cost controller s and systems that have made modern signaling an even more attractive and powerful tool. Essentially, traffic signals form part of the software of a city as opposed to the roads and bridges that are part of its hardware. As such they have the advantage of being cheap and often the disadvantage of being so cheap that no local lobby is interested in them, especially when city mayors fail to see thepolitical advantages in changing an old signal for a new one. It is thus part of the traffic applied scientists task to prove to city authorities that a modern and well designed traffic signal system will bring trustworthy and visible benefits to the city. Conflict points at an intersection.HYPOTHESISTraffic control devices contribute a great deal to accidents that occur in Zambia.GOALTo Contribute to simplification the occurrence of accidents in ZambiaOBJECTIVESTo improve on the standard of traffic control devices and installations.FINDINGS1- For each site where traffic signals are being contemplated, it has been discovered that normally adequate to(predicate) data on the traffic flows at the junction is not sufficiently collected.What has been discovered is that the local authority in most cases they do not obtain out traffic count surveys as the result, they end up installing traffic lights where they are not needed. Look at witness 1, traffic lights have been introduced at the curve. They could have been placed at more convenient site to avoid accidents with vehicles that may lose breaks and at the same time file to negotiate. 2- Traffic counts are likely to be divided into two types all day counts (normally during 16 hours of a work day) usually mid block on severalize roads, with the objective of defining the duration of the peak periods and general vehicle composition and, specific junction counts carried out with the objective of providing the data for evaluation and design of the junctions. callable to not considering conducting traffic surveys the obje ctive is not clearly known hence it was discovered that most of the junctions that houses traffic devices, do not have what is referred to as tam-tam MOUTH to allow safely move of vehicles, lack of the bell mouth has really resulted into accidents which could have been avoided at design stage.3- The counts should be made in periods of to the highest degree 15 minutes, during at to the lowest degree two working days. If the counts are not similar then the counts should be repeated on another working day. A simple 16 hour survey form could look like Specific junction counts are aimed at providing the data for detailed evaluation and design. This has been in most cases overlooked. In line with the same, it was discovered that where the Local Authority ought to provide a road reserve which in most cases have been given out as plots, in some instance the same road reserve can be used for filter lane as the road approaches the junction where traffic devices are installed. Because of t hat, it was discovered that usually traffic on the sides, would want to find the way out of the unnecessary congestion thereby causing an accident.(see figure 3)4- Traffic lights not protected. It was discovered that most traffic lightsat the junctions are not secured, they are usually hit by vehicles that have lost suspension system. And again because the Local Authority takes time to repair and replace the affected device, accidents continue to escalate.Traffic lights near chawama pick & pay5- Sub standard theatrical role of installation. It was also observed that most of the works are really supervised, hence contractors will normally employ cheap means of achieving the task.6- Separators towards the junctions (or traffic devices) have been least attended to e.g the one ahead arcades coming from chelston (unza), many lives have been lost.Other one is the Kerb separator in Ndola along Blantyre avenue as one approaches the traffic lights at Shoprite in town centre , equally, it has not been attended toLast and not the least is the stud separator in Chingola just before Total filling station along Kabundi track just after Musonko House approximately 250m before traffic lights,this equally is not in frank shape hence contributes to accidents that occur at traffic lights.CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONSFor each site where traffic signals are being contemplated it is fundamental to obtain adequate data on the traffic flows at the junction. Normally, surveys should be carried out during the peak hour periods. However, it may be important to have a broad view of the flows in the city throughout a normal working day, especially when Area Traffic suss out or linked signaling are being considered, below is the suggested form to be used when carrying out traffic countThere is need to construct what may referred to as BELL MOUTH to allow safely turning of vehicles, lack of the bell mouth has really resulted intoaccidents which could have been avoided at design stage. T here is need to protect Traffic lights by introducing steel barriers around the traffic lights, at least 3000mm away from the pole that is carrying traffic light. We cannot bargain with life and so, for the installation of traffic device, there is need for the Government for now to have one project Design & install. This project should be given to a deserving company which should be able to carry out installations and give fasten in relation to (1) Quality,(2)level of accidents. There is need to have highly qualified personnel in Local Authorities so that Quality of work which involves - installation of traffic lights,separators and generally all road furniture can be attained.This sign and the kerbing segregate vulnerable road users and slow local traffic from high speed through traffic. Pedestrians clearly feel safe in the segregated lane.There is need for the Local Authority to work in collaboration with RDA. plastered works that are of low standard in towns is due to lack o f supervision of the contractor by RDA and Local Authority. Attached as appendices(Apendix A & B ) are the monitoring and evaluation form which can be used for supervision of projects. There is need for the supervising Authority to come up with a Logic Framework which should critically bring out Goals, Objectives, measurable indicators, means of verifications and important assumptions.(see below Logic framework)Logic FrameworkNarrative Summarymensurable indicatorMeans of verificationImportant AssumptionsGoal-To improve the standard of traffic devicesObjectives1. To have a nation with minimal accidents from the drink-day(prenominal) 80% to 5% by 20202. Improve on the functional traffic control devices from the current 40% to 100% by 20203. To improve the availability of essential traffic control devices from the current 30% to 100% by 2016 1. % of personnel involved in road accident reduced.2. % of functional traffic control devices increase.3. % of essential traffic control devic es increased1. Recorded number of accident in a particular period , taking in consideration the traffic devices2. Inventory or asset evidence/and physical check.3. Stock records of the essential traffic control device.Government commitment, Management will(RDA & Local Authorities) and Commitment, Constant flow of funds from donors Govt commitment to release funds on timeunnecessary. To avoid this problem it is essential that the engineer or traffic department has a clear set of warrants to justify the use of signals. If possible, these warrants should be canonic by the local government bodies (elected and executive) so that requests for signals on sites that do not need them can be refused according to pre-discussed rules and not just on the personalized decision of the head of the traffic department.Traffic signals may be justified if, usually two, of the following criteria are present where there is a minimum major-street/minor-street contrast vehicle volume where there may be need to interrupt continuous flow on the major road to allow traffic to number from the minor road without excessive delay where a minimum pedestrian volume conflicts with a minimum vehicle volume where a schoolchildren crossing is present where there is a need to maintain progressive movement of vehicles along an otherwise signaled route and where there is a record of accidents of the type which could be reduced by the use of traffic signals.A rough and ready set of warrants might beTraffic flows when there is a minimum of 1000 pcus per hour entering thejunction during the peak hours. visibility when drivers on the minor road have poor visibility for judging gaps. accidents when three or more accidents (collisions or pedestrians) are registered per year. Figure 2, for example, shows the relationship between major-road/minor-road flows and the type of control recommended at a junction in the UK. For a major road flow of 20,000 pcus per day and a minor road flow of 6,000, a roun dabout would be a good solution for eliminating theconflicting traffic movements if musculus quadriceps femoris were available. If, however, the junction is in a built-up area, then traffic signals probably represent the best solution. It should be stressed, however, Monitoring and Evaluation Form appendix Astrategic Objective 1Local Authority /RDA Intermediate ObjectiveActivities/ResourcesIndicatorsSources of Data and Collection MethodsFrequency of Data CollectionResponsible Person(s) & TeamOutputs differentiate OutputsKey OutcomesDefinition of Key Outcome Indicators1)Illustrative Timeline appendix B Activities to AssessYear OneYear TwoYear Three initiative buttSecond QuarterThird QuarterFourth QuarterFirst QuarterSecond QuarterThird QuarterFourth QuarterFirst QuarterSecond QuarterREFERENCES1. UNIVERSITY OF AFRICA- Road Structure and Traffic Control Device module 2013 (extract from Road maintenance Hand Book Volume iv).2. solidifying THAGESEN Highway and traffic engineering i n developing countries3. Cannell, A. E. R. and Kaestner, C. Some Aspects of Area Traffic Control in Semi-Developed Countries.4. Traffic engineering acrd Control. 1983. Companhia de Engenharia de Transito -CET.5. Department of Transport. Junction Layout for Control by Traffic Signals. Highway, Safety and Traffic Advice Note TA6. Gardner, G, Fouracre, P.R. and Jacobs, G.D. Traffic Management.7. SCOOT Traffic Responsive Method of Coordinating Signals. TRRL Report 1014. Transport and Road Research8. Willumsen, L.G. and Coeymans, J.E. Research into the Value of Area Traffic Control Techniques in a Developing Country.

Myths as a Mirror of Society Essay

In a democratic society that struggles with how to support individualism and yet develop a consciousness of sh ard concerns and actions that promote equality, the color of your skin and the place of your origins still matter to a lot of people. Power relationships in the midst of people still exist and continue to influence peoples perceptions of themselves and the members of other groups. One of the struggles of a certain person is the construction of self, including identification and tie with unrivaleds gender and a racial or ethnic group.Living in a melting pot of cultures like the United States, one could not help scarce opposition different people that belong to different ethnic group. In an article by Linda Seger entitled Creating the Myths (2000), she averred that although people keep an eye on from different cultures or has a different skin color, We share similar experiences in the life journey of growth, development, and transformation. We live the same stories, whe ther they involve the search for a perfect mate, coming home, the search for fulfillment, going after an ideal, achieving the dream, or hunting for a precious treasure.Whatever our culture, there are universal stories that form the buttocks for all our particular stories. The trappings might be different, the twists and turns that create suspense might change from culture to culture, the particular characters may take different forms, but underneath it all, its the same story, drawn from the same experiences (p. 308). Living in a multi-ethnic society does not come in as easy. Often, we construct heard or maybe encountered ourselves close to prejudice with regards to people that has not the same color of our skin. In television and in movies, there are clashes in cultures.Unknown prejudice caused mainly by peoples refusal to accept reality as it is. When you see the word crash, it always summons to mind an unlucky unconstipatedt that has to deal with vehicles. Someone even told me that it is prohibited to say this word when you are boarded on an airplane because you might cause panic among another passengers. Planes, cars and even computers crash. Crash basically means collision. Similarly, the title of Paul Haggis movie is Crash (2005). However, viewers will see not hardly collisions involving cars, but collisions involving race, culture and classes.Although it is well(p) a movie, Crash tackles the realities of what cross-cultural panorama of Los Angeles urban life looks like. More than an interwoven stories of mythic heroes, it involves no direct good or bad people. These are people inter marryed to each other in vestiges of crime, racial discrimination, corruption, obligation, indignation and chance over a two-day period. The storyline superimposes the complexity of the multifaceted narratives of their lives entwined under the numerous well-disposed and psychological issues usually hidden inside the closet of the American consciousness.Demystifying the Plot Seger proposed that a myth is a story that is more than original. She elaborated that these stories are true because one person, somewhere, at some time, lived it. Like the stories that intertwine in the movie Crash, these events are based on facts that we encounter in our daily lives. We connect to a myth because we believe that this is more than true because it is lived by all of us, at some level. The plot of the movie Crash are stories that connects and announces to us all.One of the moving stories that revolve around the movie is astir(predicate) two cops, one senior and the other junior. The other jaded and abusive, the other one is a novice and ordain to learn the ropes. These cops are played by Matt Dillon and Ryan Philippe respectively. One day, when they were assigned in their beat site, they pull over and eventually harass a char couple (Terrence Howard and Thandie Newton) because the SUV theyre ride vaguely fits the description of a carjacked vehicle tha t was reported.Viewers get the impression that the character of Matt Dillon is racist chauvinist pig. We nowadays tag him as the villain. More complications swiftly supersede within 24 hours as examples of characters cross paths again in separate incidents of incredibly high tension. These archetype characters challenge both the prejudices that have formed between them and the assumptions we draw out from their different perspectives about race and culture as a whole. Later in the charge, we are surprised to see that it turned out that Christine (Thandie Newton) that she encounters Sgt.Ryan (Matt Dillon), the racist cop who familiarly molested her during a traffic stop the previous night, the officer on the eyeshot who tries to pull her from the burning car. Of course, she refused. Anyone but you Christine screamed. We see the frustration in the face of Sgt. Ryan. He profusely apologized and explained that nobody was there to help but him. He sure that gasoline was dripping o ff her car. More or less, she has to get out of there forrader it explodes. Hesitantly, Christine agreed after Sgt. Ryan promised not to touch her anymore.Luckily, Christine was pulled out before the explosion. Viewers are perplexed with the transformation of Sgt. Ryan as an anti-hero. Maybe, he was not bad after all. Heroes and anti-heroes abound the movie Crash. To further intricately muddle the conflicts, characters encounter and reencounter one another in highly convenient ways. For example, a young African-American criminal Peter (Lanrez Tate) is murdered. Fortunately, he has a brother, Graham (Don Cheadle), an LAPD detective, who discovers Peters dead body in the desert.Prior to learning of his brothers death, Graham is thwarted by the district attorneys office into suppressing proof that may partially absolve a white police officer charged with killing a black cop. Incidentally, the district attorney (Brendan Fraser) is looking for a conviction that would help him gather en ough support from the black community, since he is trying to manage a potential media scandal. He and his wife (Sandra Bullock) were carjacked in Sherman Oaks by two young black men.We come to realize that around the community of New York we get acquainted with various myths, as this movie depicted. We witness the patterns and elements that connect with our own human experience As film involves various crashes and clashes, forcefully it does not just invoke commonly hackneyed racially-charged confrontations found in some films, but it almost subliminally showcases how passive prejudice and pre-conceived notions are often prevalent in simple day-to-day life.Thus, people could just collide and all these complications croak within a blink of an eye, unaware that they are villains and victims all at the same time of the milieu. The Myths of Crash Although the dominant illusion of myths that Crash could perpetuate among its viewers about its own narrative is that each character does som ething virtuous in one situation, and something unconscionably racist in another. Entirely, this is not the case because some characters could be deemed as purely good people. These characters are not simply out and out heroes.They are called anti-heroes because they do not possess certain respect that people should fetch them because of racism and prejudice. The Latino locksmith Daniel exists solely to incur racist threats and insults from other characters, then to disprove their opinions through his role as the most upstanding of family men. Unfortunately, other characters divulge no redeeming traits, like the DAs wife, Jean Cabot (Bullock) is depicted as a self-involved rich and uptight woman who is there to speak the unspeakable truth when justifying her fear of black men.Eventually, she stops just short of calling Daniel a wetback, and undergoes a quite insincere transformation that resulted from her inability to see that her housekeeper Maria (Yomi Perry) is nice to her when she fell down some steps and fractured her leg, and nobody else has given her sympathy. She had no choice, but be nice to the person who helped her (Sicinski, 2005). Craig Detweiler (December, 2005) analyzed that Haggis portrays the film as a depiction a fine interconnectedness of realistic portrait of pertinent issues with a subliminal touch of magic realism.The movie offers a range of familiar types, attempting to prick his viewers consciences without being overbearingly preachy or nearly jingoistic. As the film kicks off, tempers are already surging as invectives and epithets are blurted out without batting an eyelash. Prejudices are looking for confirmation. I am angry all the time, and I dont know why, laments a preclude housewife. The first half of the film whips up the melting pot of complications, with racist assumptions spilling out of the characters ears.Viewers relish a platter of racism and crime, seasoned with sexual harassment, a broken health-care system and the pur chase of firearms. In the softer second half, Detweiler explains that the isolated moments suggest a possibility of redemption for the characters. A motorist hassled by the cops for driving while black turns out to be a conflict-avoiding Buddhist for Christs sake. But that doesnt dissuade the police from violating his humanity and that of his wife. A statue of St.Christopher shows up at surprising times, but it ultimately proves ineffectual. A protective icon inspires a random act of violence. As Christmas unfolds in the movie, we see images of the nativity that could only summon unrealized prayers for peace on earth (Detweiler, 2005). Circumscribing the circle that goes around the films plot, a realization could smack its viewers that in the teensy-weensy world we are living in, we are connected to each other, like it or not. Conclusion To quote John F.Kennedy, he said that every American ought to have the right to be treated as he would wish to be treated, as one would wish his children to be treated. In our present time, racism is a topic well-tackled among discussions. We are aware that it is generally loathed by people and we heard calls of putting a stop to it. We have seen the fall of Apartheid, we have seen those protests voice out equality, but people still commit racism unconsciously as they encounter each other in their daily lives. Is prejudice to begin with a question of color?How do differences of language and culture play into our misunderstandings? What must be done to bridge understanding and permanently inculcate the poor face of prejudice regarding our differences? The film Crash does not present the myths to an ultimate panacea to racism and prejudice. But certainly, it is a mirror of the archetypes that persist in American society. It is presenting a consciousness about the interconnectedness of people and the situations that made them come up with their own realizations.Thus, the film invites its viewers to come up with their own rea lizations about the contemporary cross-section of American society and provide a space about perspectives on how to deal with their own prejudices. Works Cited Detweiler, Craig. Cultural Collisions. Sojourners Magazine. Washington, (December 2005), 34 (11) 45-46. Seger, Linda. Creating the Myth. Signs Of behavior In The USA. New York Bedford/St. Martins, 2000. 308-316. Sicinski, Michael. Crash, Film Review. Cineaste. New York, (Fall 2005), 30 (4) 51-54.

Algebraic expressions.Elementary and Intermediate Algebra Essay

Algebraic expressionsIntroduction In the introduction to Algebra, the first assignment for the first week will involve using real numbers in place of integers to simplify expressions. Everyone needs to take his/her time to grasp the rules and the steps which are followed in algebra as this will form a concrete bow for the algebraic expression understanding. One needs to understand the mathematical fundamental elements so as not to incur problems in solving any algebraic problems. For instance, one needs to be clear with the properties of integers as these are the same properties which apply to the real numbers. The first step in dealing with equations is removing the parenthesis. If an equation requires you suppress the parenthesis from the equation, distribution becomes a necessity. Like terms should be grouped together when multiplying the integers that are inside the parenthesis to perform any indicated operation (Dugopolski, M.(2012), 2, p.67). The undermentioned is how I att empted to handle the assigned equations in the simplest form. In the left side of the page, I have put the mathematic equation, and in the right side at that place is my explanation of the steps I followed.2a(a-5)+4(a-5) Equation=2a-10a+4a-20 remove the permeative properties from the parenthesis= 2a -6a-20 then we get the coefficient.=a- 3a 10 then we simplify the expression.In the nigh equation,2.2w-3+3(w-4)-5(w-6) the equation=2w-3+3w-12-5w+30 remove the distributive properties from the parenthesis=2w+3w-5w-3-12+30 then we get the coefficients and.=15 combine themIn the third equation,3. 0.05(0.3m+35n)-0.8(-0.09n-22m) the equation=0.015m+1.75n+0.072n+17.6m remove the distributive property from the parenthesis=0.015m+17.6m+1.75n+0.072n simplify by putting the like terms together and=17.615m+1.822n combine themReferencesDugopolski, M. (2012). Elementary and Intermediate Algebra. New York, NY McGraw-Hill.Source document

Differences Between Laptop and Netbook

What argon the difference between Laptop and Netbook? So what is the difference between laptop and netbook? A laptop (also called a notebook) is data processor which has been designed to be made portable, featuring a screen hinged to a keyboard. A laptop includes a barrage fire for portable agency and a touchpad instead of a mouse for input. Mini laptops (also called a netbook, subnotebook or ultraportables) stick these ideas further still, creating a new market above handheld computers, smartphones and personal digital assistants.The primary distinctive of these are smaller size and weight, which are pretty similar to the average diary, as well as costing less than a standard laptop with prices starting at around ? 150, an excellent solving during the credit crunch Mini laptops arent as powerful as bigger notebook computers, and lack the power for big, demanding programs as well as an optical disc drive so no CDs or DVDs. none the less, connectivity is a central focus for n etbooks. Internet downloads are quickly catching up on fractious media products, so perhaps its not such a loss.In short, the difference between laptop and netbook is a netbook is smaller, lighter, cheaper (on the whole) and simpler. bare-assed mini laptops are expected to sell in the region of 5. 2 million units by the terminus of 2008, 8 million during 2009 and up to 50 million by 2012 a ten fold growth. industriousness analysts are torn whether or not subnotebooks will cannibalize the laptop market, some suggesting that a perfect 10% market share will be taken. However, in this economic downturn, people will everlastingly look for cheaper products and with mini laptops available from ? 150-200, perhaps there is a big market after all.So is it venture over for the standard laptop and pc? Unlikely whilst mini laptops can perform dozens of tasks to analogous or similar standard of larger computers, they will (for the time being) be limited by bombardment size, processing po wer and storage space, the difference between laptop and netbook is pronounced enough not to stag the former obsolete. Furthermore, when using a computer over a prolonged period of time, it would make disposition to use a bigger screen and a faster processor of a desktop exchange laptop or a PC, particularly for demanding programs such as games.And finally, similarly priced but laptops, of varying quality, are available for around ? 200-300 leading some industry analysts to believe that the consumer focus will be on functionality and not merely size and weight. At the opposite end of the spectrum, mobile phone manufacturers and providers are tapping into the netbook market with the Samsung NC10, LG X110 and Carphone Warehouse launching the Webbook a branded laptop made by Elonex. Vodafone has linked arms with dell with its Inspiron Mini 9, offering 3G mobile broadband contracts. Orange have followed suit with by cosying up with Asus and the Eee PC 901.

Bite Me: A Love Story Chapter 23

23. Brat in the Paper aisleMAKEDAShe stood infra the eave of a post tallyice that looked step to the fore on the Safeway parking propagate, watching the former(a) charitableity with the dogs pounding at the doorsill. Well, that would make s even up. She knew she should wait for the otherwises, exclusively what fun was on that point in that. A course downcast guy let the old man and his dogs into the store, then locked the door behind him.She moved to the align of the building, then along the front behind a long train of shopping carts, w present she could look through the windows with extinct creation seen herself. They were spread out, each working an aisle to himself. She re eachy should c exclusively for the others. Neither would be that utmost out, and she did so piffling on her own anymore. She examined the window. Thick Plexiglas, she wasnt vent through that. She could kick the door down, of course, scarce then they would run and thered be chasing and if any got away Rolf would pout with disapproval for months. Not that she wasnt beyond pouting herself. She once awakened to find Bella and Rolf merged to start outher in mist without her and refused to take immobile social class for a year except to feed.That was how they began each night, merged in mist form, still inside their te chamber, experiencing every corner of each others consciousness, every memory, every emotion, every want, every fear-complete versed, complete intimacy. After an bit or so, they would assume their solid forms, then vary the chamber and feed, or watch a ikon of a sunrise or sunset. That was it Mist. She would go into the store by stealth. Except for the one with the dogs, they were all immature men, werent they? She knew she could hold the rapt attention of a young man. Shed take each one, drain him without the others even k without delaying what happened, then shargon the experience with Rolf and Bella tomorrow night. It was always fun to bring some thing new and dangerous to their night.She wouldnt be able to wear her special suit, or take any of the implements, merely it was in force(p) as well. She couldnt leave bodies. Seven. Shed be as full as a tick, ready to pop. She checked that none of them was by the door, hid her weapons under the shopping carts, then lay down and oozed out of the Kevlar bodysuit, across the sidewalk, and under the door.Rock and roll was resound out of the PA system, filling the store with a relentless chainsaw rhythm guitar that drowned all other sound. She swirled around the registers, then started to make her way across the aisles. The first two were empty, then in the third, the old man was sitting all by himself on a milk crate. Scented candles were lit up and down either side of the aisle, as if someone had laid out a landing strip. She could genius the others around her, but her perceptions werent as sharp in mist form and the odor and heat from the candles make it nearly impossible to t ell how cold away they were. Their heartbeats and breathing were lost in the music, but there was blood in the air. All over in the air. She floated up to the ceiling, where she could see over the tops of the shelf gondolas. There were two of them working on the other side of the store, bobbing in time to the music.Rolf would have wafted grit out the door and called the others, and Bella would have drawn an elaborate plan to stalk them, one at a time, and pick them forward when they were alone, but that was exactly why she wasnt release to do either of those things.As she expressed herself into solid form she snarl a horrible wrenching in her chest, like her heart caving in on itself. Not a physical pain, but a sudden absence. One of the others was suddenly not there. Rolf. fair not there. She stood there in front of the old man, naked, shaking, trying to bring herself covert to the hunt.Dont scream, she said.THE EMPEROR He didnt like that the men were locked in the walk-i n cooler, and he didnt like that the Animals had tied him up, rubbed liver and steaks all over him, and set him on a milk box, but he had done his duty to his city. He had alerted the solitary(prenominal) people who would listen to the presence of the black ship, told them what the strange faux-Hawaiian had said about the old vampires sexual climax for them, and he could have some peace of mind in that. They didnt have to duct tape his drop deads so tightly, and tape his ankles to the milk box. They could have unspoilt asked. Ah, youth.She materialized about twelve feet in front of him, nude, nubile, and athletic, so black she susceptibility have been made of polished ironwood, yet the death-pallor made her lips appear lavender. Her hair was trimmed besotted to her scalp, her eyes appeared to be gold, but he couldnt tell for sure. She shivered for a moment, as if a current was being applied to her body. He watched her muscles tensing and relaxing, rippling under her skin in wa ves.Then she stop shaking and overt her eyes.Dont scream, she said. Blood tears formed in the corners of her eyes.Oh my, if you arent lovely, said the Emperor.She smiled and he saw fangs there, and he suddenly matte as if he might wet himself.She moved a few steps closer to him. atomic number 18 those steaks on your shoulders? she said.Yes. Theres liver in my pockets as well.She cocked her heading as if listening. Where are the others?I dont k instantly, he said.Her hand shot out and in an instant her fingers were wrapped in his beard and she was pulling his head back, not yanking, but pulling with an irresistible strength, as if hed been hitched to a power winch. Where are they?He could find out his vertebrae cracking, feel her raking her fangs over his neck. Then the sound of a high-pressure gas burst and she wasnt there, and there was a continuance of heavy nylon line in the space where her face had been.Down came Lashs voice, as he, Troy Lee, Jeff, and Drew all rolled out o f the shelves where they had been hiding behind rows of toilet paper and paper towels.The vampire cleaning womans head was pinned to a bale of paper towels with the stainless-steel spear from Barrys spear artillery unit. She screeched like a wildcat and pulled herself away and leapt at Drew, who was take a Super Soaker. Lash yanked the spear gun and the nylon line whipped her around. Jeff and Troy Lee opened garden sprayers on her from the front, while Drew unloaded the Super Soaker from the back.She screeched and writhed in the streams, but her cast was coming murder in great slimy chunks, as if she were wax and had been dropped into a foundry furnace. It was all over in ten seconds, and every item for twenty feet in either direction had been knocked off the shelves, the Emperor was on his back, unable to right himself, and the ancient vampire was a puddle of red guck that still bubbled as it broke down.What do you know, said Troy Lee. Grandmas tea worked.Lash nodded and thre w the spear gun to the floor with a clank. Clint Clean up on aisle fourJODY Because she never liked going to the gym, Jody decided to stake out the Raven from the chapiter of an office building next door sooner of on the Bay Club. The fact that shed been able to leap from brick balcony to brick balcony until she was on the roof, six floors up, proved what she had always maintained, at least when she was alive working out is narcissistic bullshit. She almost wished that the girls shed worked with at the Transamerica Building could see her now-all of them stuffing themselves into Spandex and nylon after work and heading to the Bay Club or 24 Hour Fitness in hope of meeting someone who wasnt a creep and, in the case of the Bay Club members, someone who was rich.She imagined them saying, Do you want to come with us? We can get you a guest pass. Mohitos afterward?No thanks, shed say. Im going to go bench-press an Audi a couple of sets, grab the satchel with the three-hundred grand I s tashed on a roof up the street, and go back to my loft and fuck my immortal boyfriend until dawn.Okay, that wasnt really what she was going to do, but she for goddamn sure was not going to the gym and getting all sweaty so she could meet guys. She didnt even want to be on the roof of the gym, knowing that there was unprotected fitness going on below.She could see the Raven across the Embarcadero, and the Rasta kid was doing nautical stuff with different instruments. At least she estimate he was doing nautical stuff. He could have just been dicking around with expensive equipment. None of the vampires was there. There were lights coming from a few of the ports below the cockpit, but she didnt see any movement. The sense of immediacy that had driven her here had evaporated somewhat. She thought about calling Tommy, but didnt have any idea what his new cell telecommunicate number might be. She used Abbys phone and dialed Foos number, but it went to voice mail, which she didnt see as a intelligent sign.If the other two vampires were out of the ship, and she had to wait for them to return, shed never get a shot at them from this far away. If they didnt come back until dawn, shed be caught outside at sunrise. There was a warehouse by the pier, possibly that roof. And shed set herself a time limit. If they didnt show by a half- second beforehand sunup, shed head back to the loft. Even at a slow, human jog shed make it in plenty of time.Shed have to elevate down the back of the building, though. You didnt want people to see you jumping two or three stories at a time. She understood why the vampires had to keep their secret, she really did, but not at the expense of them killing her friends.Good view? A womans voice came from behind her.Jody rolled and whipped around, pulling Foos UV laser from the girdle of her jeans. She didnt have on the sun-glasses so she pointed the laser at the figure coming across the roof toward her, disagreeable her eyes, moody away, then fired. The laser buzzed out a blue beam that lasted two seconds, then started qualification a high-pitched whining sound as it recharged its capacitor.Oh, very nice, came the voice.It was definitely a woman, amazing figure, wearing a skin-tight black suit, a black mask, and sunglasses, and carrying some sort of weapon. She looked like a superhero.Jody was on her feet, in a crouch. The laser thing was still charging, but maybe it would fire a weaker blast, give her time to move.Nah, nah, nah. The woman raised her weapon, and fired. A stuttering stream of blastoffs peppered Jodys arm and she lost hold of the laser. Jody felt as if her arm were on fire. She looked to see ten tiny holes, each smoking, with a clear liquid, not blood running out of it.The woman whipped off her hood and sunglasses, but kept the weapon trained on Jody. She was stunning, a pale, Mediterranean beauty with waist-length hair like black silk and almost impossibly large eyes. That light thing is sweet, bu t you should get one of these, she said. Its basically just a injection gun modified to fire chemical pellets, but the chemical, theres the magic. It burns like hell, Jody said.Yes, it does. And I could cut you in half with this before you could get to me. Thats the worry with light weapons, they dont have range and it doesnt take much to stop them. Like this suit, for instance. I mean, this thing has a UV light on it, but thats just to keep you from turning to mist. Can you do that, immature?Thats what Elijah called me, Jody said.Thats what he called all of us in our day.Jody tried to figure out how to get to the woman. She knew she could move impossibly truehearted for a human, but this was another vampire, a very old vampire. She had once squared off once morest Elijah ciphering all things were equal among vampires and hed nearly stop her.As if she was reading Jodys thoughts the vampire fired her weapon and Jody felt her other arm light up with pain from shoulder to elbow. Ouch. Fuck. You bitchBella, not bitch. And what were you going to do to me, fledgling? Do you have any idea what youve done? We have been together hundreds of years. You ended pieces of history. You took parts of me.She fired again and Jodys right phase gave way.What do you mean, pieces?You dont know what it is to merge with another being then? With a lover? We were lovers, Rolf, Makeda, and me, for hundreds of years, and now they are gone.I dont know what youre talking about.Both are gone, I could feel it. Funny, I didnt know I was always aware of their presence until they were gone. Not an hour ago. Im alone now. I should let you live if only because weve lost two. There are fewer than a hundred of us, fledgling, and you might have been one of us.I didnt know, Jody said.I dont even care anymore. Maybe Ill just kill you and lie down and wait for the sun to come up. Ill never even know what happened. conceive me, thats not as painless as you think it is, Jody said.Dont said Bella. She raised her weapon again but this time, when the microscopic UV light came on, Jody pushed off with her pricey leg, did a high backflip, and fell six stories to the motor inn below.She expected to feel bone-crushing pain, hear the crackle of vertebrae, maybe even the crunch of her skull, but instead she felt warm weewee envelop her. She had landed in the Bay Clubs pool, which meant she must have launched herself a good forty feet away from the roof. Her predator mind, the one that had risen to tell her that the City was hers, now kicked in, assessing survival. She was under water, that was good. The pellet weapon wouldnt penetrate the water more than a foot before losing its effectiveness. Plus, the pool water was flushing out whatever heinous chemical had been burning her. She felt herself healing, even as she hovered at the bottom of the pool. She could roost there indefinitely without breathing if necessary.The bad news was that Bella was still up there, and as soon as J ody left the water, the good news would end. It was very unlikely she could take the older vampire hand-to-hand, even if she could get past the pellet weapon, but she could run. Even if she was no faster than Bella, she knew this neighborhood. Shed worked here for years, and she wasnt three blocks from Okatas dismal little apartment.She dug in her jacket pocket and found Abbys phone. It was a weatherized model and the screen was still viewing the time. Still four hours until sunup, and that was a guess. She had to cut it extremely close, but if she could bolt away from the Raven with just enough time to find shelter herself, but not enough time for Bella, she just might get away. And maybe in the meantime, Rivera and Cavuto would call out a S.W.A.T. team to storm the black ship. Or the Animals would blow it up, like they had Elijahs yacht. Maybe Bella would dive into the water after her, although losing the high ground would take away a distinct advantage. Maybe one of the people i n the apartments above would look down and think there was a body in the pool, and she could make her escape when the EMTs came to rescue her.Thats it. She assumed the yoga posture called down-floating ashes and waited, listening for any disturbance that might indicate she had company in the pool, and concentrated on her exasperate healing. Maybe if she healed enough she could go to mist and sneak out that way. She hadnt moved a lot in mist form, nor had she ever changed under water and she wasnt sure she could, but it might be worth a try.A shadow fell across the bottom of the pool, cast by the mercury lights above, and she flipped over to see Bella moving catlike at the edge of the pool.Then again, maybe not.CHETHed watched them slaughter all of his fellow vampire cats and instead of running, as would have been his feline instinct, he tracked the killers, which was behavior born entirely of his human side. The three sides of his nature were in constant conflict. Even now, his c at side hated water, and wanted to flee, but his human side felt hate rising and wanted to attack. The vampire side told him to remain hidden, to sexual climax in stealth, as mist, but his cat side told him to pounce, rip her throat out with claw and fang. It occurred to him, as he watched from the roof of the Bay Club as she paced around the pool in her skin-tight black suit, that water or no water, revenge or no revenge, he was going to hump the bejezus out of her before any other action took place. There was part tomcat in all of his natures.Hed started his pack by mating with any female in heat, then they turned males, and so on. And he continued his undead feature through the alleys and backyards of San Francisco, but as he grew larger, and the human part of him manifested, he was just too unfit to finish the deed. If he fed on them, they went to dust before he got to hump them, and if humped them, they didnt populate for him to feed on them, and hed humped a bunch of cats to death before he figured that out. It turned out, size did matter.But here was the perfect solution. Moving strong and sexy, just the right size-he could lock his jaws on her neck and have at it, then drink her blood or bite her head off as the whim hit him, and all the time that horrible weapon would be pointed away from him.He went to mist and oozed down the side of the building in a stream that blended with the night blurriness creeping in off the Bay.JODYJody just happened to be looking up at Bellas watery project against the mercury light when she saw another shape appear behind Bella, leap on her back, and pull her away from the edge of the pool. Jody was not going to sit around checking references, whatever that thing was, it was an ally.She came out of the water like a rocket, and in two steps she leapt to the top of the twelve-foot security fence and looked back. Something had pulled Bella around and now had her face-down on the pavement and appeared to be humping the b ejezus out of her.Jody knew she shouldnt, but she paused. Big kitty ears, larger-than-life kitty tail, big kitty sinking his fangs into the back of Bellas neck. Kitty was as big as Bella, maybe a little bigger. Chet. Bad kitty, Jody thought.Bella shrieked, then launched herself backward with her arms, lifting both of them into the air, where they did a half-backflip and landed on the concrete with Chets back as the point of impact. He let go with his jaws and Bella spun around and let loose with the pellet weapon. Chet yowled and jerked on the ground. Bella strafed his neck, which change state instantly into a mass of goo. He stopped moving.Jody had seen enough. She leapt off the fence to the sidewalk and took off into the monetary district, taking a right at the next corner, then a left, going as fast as her legs would carry her-to hell with someone seeing. She tried to go to mist, but couldnt. Either the fear or her injuries were stopping her. She could hear Bellas footsteps be hind her, a block away, now less than a block. What was the range of that pellet weapon anyway?Left on Broadway, left on Battery, right on Pacific, footsteps on her ass, now left on Sansome, next left, she heard the pellet gun sputter and she felt her right leg go out from under her. She rolled and tried to come up but the gun sputtered again and her left leg was gone. She rolled over onto her back, pushed away, scooting on her butt. The gun spat and her left elbow stopped working.Fuck, how much ammo does that thing have?More than Ill need to turn you to soup, Bella said. Oh look, no swimming pool.Shame, I guess you wont get to enjoy another kitty fuck.The gun spat. Jodys right arm folded behind her with a splash of pain.Bella ran her nails over her breast. Didnt happen. This suit will stop light, even small-caliber firearms-But evidently not blades, Jody thought.Because she was a vampire, and things happened more slowly to her predator eyes, she saw the blade come over Bellas shoul der, enter her body at her left trapezius, and zip across her chest and her kitty-dick-proof suit to exit just under her right arm. Bellas head and right arm slid right, her left arm and the rest of her body fell left. She had a rather move expression on her face that stayed there, even as her mouth continued to work soundlessly, as if she really, urgently wanted to finish that last sentence.Hello, Okata said.Jody looked past the swordsman to the sign on the corner that read capital of Mississippi STREET.

Macbeth as tragic hero Essay

The play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, is a calamity about a Scottish lord, Macbeth, who becomes too ambitious. He starts off as a brave, loyal and solemn man, save his ambition and thirst for power fly the coop him onto a path of ruthlessness and self-destruction, and last his suffer death. While Macbeth is manipulated by various people and occurrences, the main ones being the witches, skirt Macbeth and hazard, one theme that body constant throughout the play is the power of choice. Macbeth does have the ability to choose, and it is this ability that makes him a tragic hero, non a victim.There are certain characteristics that someone must have in order to be considered a full tragic hero. One of the main ones is that the character must have a shameful flaw. In Macbeths case, it is his vaulting ambition (1VII27). Ambition rear be a salutary thing, but when in large doses as Macbeths was, it can be dangerous, and, as Macbeth proved, make up fatal. other important cha racteristic of a tragic hero is the conflict in the midst of good and evil, and the choice between these two things. Macbeth consciously chooses evil everywhere good. A victim, on the other hand, has no power over what happens to them. Macbeth did have some control over the situation, which means that he was not a victim. only, Macbeth himself cant be entirely to blame. He was influenced and manipulated, particularly by the witches. If the three Weird Sisters (1V7) had not tell anything to Macbeth in the first place then none of it would have happened. The Weird Sisters put the idea of change state king hereafter (1III49) into Macbeths head, and, consequently, the idea of take outing King Duncan. The witches knew that this would happen, they cherished it to happen. They also manipulated Macbeth later on in the play, with the three apparitions. They gave him false confidence, and, once again, they knew and precious this to happen. They created toil and trouble (1IV10), and they created it on purpose, to lead Macbeth to his demise. However, Banquo was also present at the first meeting with the Weird Sisters, and they make a prophesy for him, too. nevertheless Banquo chooses to ignore what they say. Macbeth could have made this choice as well, but he didnt. Although the witches did manipulate Macbeth, he wanted to believe their prophesies, and he chose to believe them.Another person who was a big influence on Macbeth was his wife, noblewoman Macbeth. He was going to let chance crown me king (1III43), but Lady Macbeth knew that this wouldnt lead to anything. She also knew that Macbeths sense of loyalty and honour could stop him from killing Duncan and therefore meet king and fulfilling his ambitions. She urges him to look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent undert (1V63-64). She also questions Macbeths manliness, another weak spot of his. She knows that he doesnt like her doing this, and she knows that its a good way of persuading Macbeth to do wh at she wants him to do that its a good way of manipulating him. But Macbeth wanted to be manipulated. He let his wife influence him. If he really didnt want to murder Duncan then he wouldnt have. Even before he spoke to Lady Macbeth he was having dire imaginings (1III37). Even though Lady Macbeth helped turn these into realities, she did not physically force her husband to hand murder. Once again, Macbeth had the freedom, power and ability to choose.Another important role in the Macbeth is the role of Fate and destiny. being a tragic hero, Macbeth was destined to die from the beginning. It could have even been Fate that Macbeth made the wrong choices. However Fate cant manipulate, Fate just is. Macbeth says that he is going to leave everything up to chance, but he doesnt. He chose not to. Perhaps this was also due to Fate, but what would have happened if Macbeth had chosen not to kill Duncan? This is another thing that makes Macbeth a tragic hero the audience is left feeling k ind about what might have been. No matter how manipulated, everybody has the power of free will. The fact is that Macbeth chose his path himself, and although Fate may have played some part in his plentyfall, the power of choice played and even bigger part. The ability to choose overrides Fate and destiny.The entire play could just be put down to humane nature. Greed, power, ambition greed for power and ambition is a part of human nature. However human nature is a bit like Fate, in that it cannot manipulate, it just is. Nearly everyone would like to believe that they can be great, and if they are told so would want to believe it. Macbeth just takes it one step furtherby making it happen. In a way Macbeth is taking Fate into his own hands. His vaulting ambition drives him to do this. It is Macbeths ambition that leads him to murder people, as well as leading to his own death. His ambition ultimately becomes his nemesis, which makes him a full tragic hero.Macbeths ambition and his g reed for power is like a fire. The witches, Lady Macbeth and Fate did manipulate him and add fuel to the fire, but the spark had to be there first in order for them to do this. Although Macbeth was influenced and manipulated a great deal, he still had the power and the freedom to choose. It is the choices he made that make Macbeth not a victim, but a full tragic hero.

Complicating the situation further

The proposed result allow be useful to agricultural enterprises because it will enhance the level of efficiency in cost control. The governing body presented in the content study produces two commodities corn and soybeans.Additionally, the equipment used is shared between two parties. Complicating the detail further is that the sustainership of the farm is distributed among several parties. Therefore the establishment of cost and profit centers is a must for correctly assessing the level of be and earnings.Currently the wariness focus is on work. However the management intent is to rift greater focus to implementing a managerial accounting brass that will correctly deal cost and assign the level of profits proportionally.In this respect, implementation of activity based costing is the best solution inasmuch as it facilitates the identification of assignation criteria based upon which be and profits cigarette be assigned.The advantage of using the managerial accounting system mentioned above is that the management can exercise its own discretion about how to allocate costs between different workes and commodities.Unlike the financial statements prepared under the strict scrutiny of the GAAP, internal reports generated by the managerial accounting system mentioned above do non give up to follow any voteless and fast rules. As a result the management can customize the system to the specific characteristics of its own business.This customizability is one of the most Copernican features in favor of implementing an activity based costing system. The customizability enables the management not only to assign costs to different processes and commodities based upon resources consumed but also to enhance the level of process efficiency.For example, the proposed solution for the organization in the slickness study enables prank and Mary Farmer to allocate costs to the equipment based upon their level of usage in producing different commodities. As a r esult, the cost driver is this case is identified as the two commodities. The cost of fruition for each of the commodities is compute accordingly.The advantage from using this system is that the smash-up is allocated in proportion to the level of resources expended in producing each commodity. This strengthens the quality of the cost structure. The result is that the management is in a much better bewilder to measure performance and formulate strategies accordingly.As illustrated in the case, John and Mary Farmer are going to stick to collect a considerable level of breeding in order to implement an activity based costing system.Therefore in conducting a cost public assistance analysis of implementing the managerial accounting system, the cost of collecting the information will retain to be interpreted into account. Additional costs will be incurred by the maintenance of the information system which will have to be supported by expensive hardware and software requirements.Th ese are some of the drawbacks that agricultural enterprises can run up against when implementing the proposed solution. However these drawbacks must be the weighed against the benefits of more cost-efficient strategy formulation.Question 2If the Farm Council theme did not use activity based costing, then it would not be in a position to correctly assess the cost of producing each commodity. As a result some costs would be overstated and some understated. This would distort profit comparisons between the two commodities. Consequently, any future investment decisions would be distorted as well.The traditional cost tryst method would be particularly harmful in the Farm Council case because the resources being used be capacious to several different parties. For this reason it is particularly important for the management to use the activity based costing method in order to allocate costs based on the level of consumption.Although the costs of implementing an advanced managerial account ing system would be high, the long term benefits of more effective strategy formulation outweigh the costs. Such would not be the case when implementing the traditional cost allocation method.According to the traditional cost allocation method, product costs are calculated according to the number of units produced. As a result, this method does not take into account the level of resources expended in producing these units.This cost distortion is particularly pronounced in the Farm Council Case because the same level of employment for two different commodities necessitates different levels of resource consumption.If John and Mary were to use the traditional cost allocation method, then these differences would not be taken into account and the unit costs that would be calculated would be incorrect. As a result, they would not be in a position to make decisions about which product line to invest in more.Currently the focus at the farm was on production rather than on cost control. The refore, the traditional cost allocation method seemed to satisfy the requirements. However there were massive pools of overhead that were being improperly assigned. These errors in the costing system would be perpetuated under the traditional cost allocation system.The problem with the alternative solution was that the identification of resource drivers for support and production cost centers would be difficult. This would expound the process of assigning costs.The support cost centers in terms of equipment, shop & maintenance, and general farm would have to be defined in terms of the activities involved. Otherwise it would not be possible to assess the level of resources consumed by each of the cost centers. Therefore the unit costs for different commodities would not reflect the reliable expenditures and the management would be stuck with a costing system that would be misleading.Commodities which consumed a lower level of resources would have unit costs overstated and vice vers a. The reason why this would happen under the alternative solution is that the costs would be divided equally between different cost centers based on production volume. As a result, the alternative solution is not recommended.ReferencesAtkinson, Anthony A., et al. (2006) Management Accounting. McGraw Hill/Irwin.

‘A Passion for DNA: Genes, Genomes, and Society’

No one and only(a) whence had any compelling reason to set about my hypothesis seriously, but by November 1952 I desire it well enough to print desoxyribonucleic acid RNA protein on a small piece of authorship that I taped on the wall above my writing table in my rooms at Cl atomic number 18 College.From the day of our first meeting, Francis Crick and I thought it highly likely that the genetic information of desoxyribonucleic acid is conveyed by the period of its four rear ends. But we k impertinent it was premature to promote this idea before the structure of DNA was known. However, the moment we first saw how to build a double helix out of the four base pairs, it was clear that the essential uniqueness of a gene must reside in its respective sequence of four bases.So wrote James D. Watson in his book, A Passion for DNA Genes, Genomes, and Society. In this work, told with refreshing honesty, is the gay story of how Watson and Francis Crick won a Nobel Prize for what may be the most important stir in the life sciences since Charles Darwin published The Origin of Species.In this collection of essays (written for a variety of occasions during the past triad decades), Watson discusses the science and sociology of several issues foremost are recombinant DNA, the nature of cancer research, the past, present, and future of DNA the Human Genome range and its bioethical problems.The book starts with an autobiographical discussion of the events in Watsons life that preceded his stripping of the double helix. He then describes his scientific mentors, collaborators and rivals, as well as his philosophy on science. (Watsons advice for budding scientists learn from the winners, take risks, have a fallback, have fun and stay connected.)In 1953, two young, unknown scientists sparked a worldwide revolution. poring over DNA for clues to the nature of genes, James Watson and Francis Crick deduced its molecular composition two chains twisted into a double helix and immediately realized that the structure implied how genes were copied and passed from one generation to the next.Their observation has had extraordinary consequences the discovery of a genetic code that all living things share and the realization that the code translates into proteins the ability to deviate an organisms genetic make-up recognition that diseases like cancer begin when genes go wrong the foundations of a biotechnology industry and the means of cloning plants and animals a start on cataloguing human genes and the glimmer of a new kind of medicine that uses DNA therapeutically.As public concern about genetically modified food mounts, present is Watsons salutary reminder, from a previous era of DNA anxiety, that restrictions on potentially rewarding research are justifiable only if there is robust evidence of likely harm.Commenting on the 1970s War on Cancer, he warns that effective leadership of publicly funded research initiatives, such as the current search f or an back up vaccine, demands the courage to support promising but risky new ideas and prune away anything less than the best. And as the first Director of the Human Genome Project, now approaching its climax, he acknowledges the past evils of eugenics but argues fiercely for the deficiency to balance potential misuses of genetic data with the overwhelming benefits of a rational attack on the root of disease.In an essay on cancer research and the war on cancer, Watson tells us that to win wars one must know the enemy and the location of the battlefield. When Richard Nixon declared a war on cancer, this information was not so far available. The discovery and elucidation of the action of oncogenes and of cancer viruses were pivotal for understanding the terrain, planning the strategy, and pursuing the war. Watson provides numerous examples to punctuate the necessity of research in the basic sciences for developing successful therapies against cancer.