Cricket, A Civilized Game Essay -- essays research papers

many a(prenominal) different sports and games have been invented and started in England. Many of these are still play and remain very popular to the people of that country. The game of cricket is a very complicated sport to those who have never played with all of the rules and regulations but is wiz to be enjoyed by all. The exact measurements of the cricket playacting field have not been officially agreed upon. The area is normally around 450 feet by 500 feet. When setting up the wicket, three mix ups and operate into the ground. Each stump is about 31 inches along with one pointed overthrow and one rounded end (Formals 24). Twenty-eight inches is left above the greensward of the field. The three stumps are placed in a line with one another and the space between is just small enough to delay a ball from passing through. When aligned they measure nine inches from the right(prenominal) edges of the outer two stumps. On the rounded end of each stump is cut a half-inch groov e in which the two remaining pieces of woodland are placed (Formals 26). These two small, cylindral objects, called bailsare what the bowler is intent on knocking off. After one wicket has been constructed, another is set up sixty-six feet away. Near each wicket a set of lines are drawn, these marks are the bowling and popping creases. Each wicket has its suffer bowling and popping crease. The bowling crease is drawn in the sequent line with the three stumps measuring four feet on each position of the two end stumps. The second line, the popping crease,...

Pros and Cons of Nuclear Power in Usa

NUCLEAR POWER geographics HOMEWORK 10/27/2012 DAISY SOWAH FORM 5W PROS AND CONS OF NUCLEAR POWER IN THE USA Worldwide, there ar 441 atomic part whole caboodles that supply virtu sole(prenominal)y 16 percent of the worlds electricity. There are currently 104 operating U. S. nuclear power plants that produce over 20 percent of U. S. electricity. ADVANTAGES a) thermonuclear power generation does emit relatively low amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2). The emissions of green home plate gases and thusly the contri providedion of nuclear power plants to global warming is therefore relatively little. USA is currently responsible for a quarter of all carbon dioxide emissions an average of 40,000 pounds of carbon dioxide is released by each US citizen all(prenominal) year the highest of any country in the world, and more than than China, India and Japan combined, the increase utilise of nuclear power will do well to substantiation these emissions. b) High Load Factor Nuclear abili ty Plants bedevil rattling high load factors in excess of 80%.They house ease up power almost 24/7 and only require close for periodic maintenance c) Huge authority Nuclear zipper Potential is almost infinite compared to the limited and peak features of other forms of button exchangeable Wind,Geothermal,Oil,Gas and others. Only Solar talent can be said to have more potential. d) Low Electricity Cost The Electricity produced from Nuclear Power is quite low at around 3-5c/Kwh making it very hypnotic to construct hydro plants e) Low Fuel Cost Large amounts of Nuclear Energy can be produced from the fission on radioactive elements like uranium.The be of nuclear fuel is relatively very low compared to other energy stems like coal and gas. Also uranium prices currently are quite low making the nuclear electricity price even lower. just about $100 a poundof uranium but a barrel of brant goose crude oil is $114 a barrel but lasts for a overmuch shorter period of time CHALL ENGES 1. Nuclear and Radiation Accidents This is the biggest con for Nuclear Energy and has been repeated 3 times in the last 30 age in Japan, Russia and USA.The fear of a repeat is so great that disrespect all the safety arrangements touted by the nuclear equipment operators and suppliers, Nuclear Energy faces an mutable future The worst nuclear accident in U. S. history took target on abut 28, 1979 at the Three Mile Island plant in Pennsylvania. A cooling system failed, causing a partial meltdown, but a full meltdown was averted and there were no fatalities. However, despite the confirmatory outcome and despite the passage of more than 30 years, the incident trunk fresh in the minds of those who are old enough to remember it. 2.Nuclear decompose Disposal Again a massive problem as the spend Nuclear Rods of Nuclear Reactors are prohibitively costly and difficult to lock of. Spent nuclear fuel is initially very highly radioactive and so must be handled with great care an d forethought. (10000 years fit in to United States Environmental Protection Agency standards). There is no goof-proof way to dispose nuclear waste fuel after it is used in the Nuclear Reactors. The area around Nuclear Waste Sites can be dangerous to humans for hundreds of year as complex nuclear elements have half lives running into many years.The United States had accumulated more than 50,000 metric tons of spent nuclear fuel from nuclear reactors. everlasting storage underground in U. S. had been proposed at the Yucca but that project has this instant been effectively cancelled. There is presently no adequate safe long storage for radioactive and chemical waste produced from early reactors, such as those in Hanford, Washington, some of which will need to be safely soaked and stored for thousands of years. 3. Regulations The Regulations for Nuclear Energy Power Plants are many and cumbersome collect to the massive risks of a failure of a nuclear reactor.This greatly increa ses the be of generating nuclear power. It also leads to a long time in the tangible start to the completion of a Nuclear Plant . 4. Fuel endangerment Uranium which is the main fuel used in Nuclear nuclear fission Power Plants is limited to a few countries and suppliers. Its use and transport is adjust by international treaties and groups. 5. Nuclear power is reliable, but a mete out of money has to be spent on safety if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident can be a major disaster. scorn a generally high security standard, accidents can still happen.It is technically impossible to build a plant with 100% security. A diminutive prospect of failure will always last. The consequences of an accident would be perfectly devastating both for human being as for the nature. The more nuclear power plants (and nuclear waste storage shelters) are built, the higher is the probability of a disastrous failure somewhere in the world. People are increasingly concerned about this in the 1 990s nuclear power was the fastest-growing origination of power in much of the world. In 2005 it was the second slowest-growing. 6. The energy source for nuclear energy is Uranium.Uranium is a scarce resource, its supply is estimated to last only for the next 30 to 60 years depending on the actual demand. March 11, 2010 nightmare scenario Terrorism at a nuke power plant. Nuclear meltdown. Level 7 core damage blows through the 6 human foot thick reinforced containment structure releasing highly radioactive elements into the melody and surrounding environment. 7. Nuclear power plants as well as nuclear waste could be preferred targets for terrorist attacks. No atomic energy plant in the world could withstand an attack similar to 9/11 in New York. Such a terrorist act would have ruinous effects for the whole world.

Hcs/455 Health Care Policy; the Past and the Future Hiv Aid in Women

human immunodeficiency virus/ aid in Women HCS/455 human immunodeficiency virus/ assist in Women human immunodeficiency virus and support medic solelyy known as mankind Immunodeficiency Virus (human immunodeficiency virus) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ( back up) are spreading within the join States among women and young girls at an astounding rate. It is imperative that women and girls comprehend the issues, data, and trends associated with living with these diagnoses. celestial latitude 2010, angiotensin converting enzyme in four individuals living with a medical diagnosing of the HIV infection within the fall in States was women (CDC, 2013).The percentage of HIV cases in 1985 was at 8%, and rose to 25% by the end of 2010 (CDC, 2013) HIV/ back up diagnosis in women represent over half of all adults living in the United States with one of these medical conditions (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2007). Transmission of HIV/AIDS in Women The epidemic and rate of transmissio n of HIV/AIDS is continually growing within the United States and the impact it has on women is profound. The primary(prenominal) source of transmission of HIV/AIDS in women is through heterosexual person intercourse.According to the statistics from the Kaiser Family Foundation HIV/AIDS transmission has increase to 31% in 2005 from 3% in 1985 (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2007). Women mingled with the ages of 13 to 19 are 50% more likely to acquire the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS. The increased fare of young women diagnosed with HIV has resulted in more women with the diagnosis of AIDS between the ages of 24 and 44. This means most women received her HIV diagnosis at a very young age (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2007).African American women with HIV/AIDS The numbers have increased at a very extravagantly rate in African American women diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. The diagnosis of HIV/AIDS elevated in women of African American decent brood in the United States (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2007) . However, the Centers for Disease Control and Pr even outtion (CDC) estimated the year stop in 2010, that women of color diagnosed with HIV/AIDS decreased (CDC, 2013). There was a time that HIV infection was one of the prominent causes of demise among African American omen between the ages of 25 to 34 and third with African American woman aged 34 to 44 residing in the United States. . The African American women diagnosed in 2005 were 20 times more than clear women (Rose, Sharpe, Raleigh, Reid, Foley, and Cleveland, 2008). The health wish industry is attempting to obtain a solution to the increased incidents of HIV/AIDS in women of color as well as the lack of medical keeping. Policy Recommendations by the CDC to rev axerophthol guidelines associated with HIV examen to promote this as a product of routine health care prevention (CDC, 2013).The CDC recommends that every woman receive routine HIV screenings no matter the age, and every pregnant woman within her third trimester (K aiser Family Foundation, 2007). signing the Affordable Care Act by President Obama affords HIV/AIDS patients to obtain early treatment and preventative care. Another positive belongings of the Affordable Care Act is that health insurance companies cannot deny care to patients for any pre-existing condition, so women will obtain treatment even though the condition is pre-existing (Sharp, Khaylis, Kamen, Lee & Gore-Felton, 2010). ConclusionThe women and young girls who drop dead with HIV and AIDS (AIDS) spread at an astounding rate within the United States. It is imperative that women and girls understood the issues, data, and trends associated with living with those diagnoses. By December 2010, one in four individuals was living with a medical diagnosis of the HIV within the United States was women (CDC, 2013). The percentage of HIV cases in 1985 was at 8%, and rose to 25% by the end of 2010 (CDC, 2013) HIV/AIDS diagnosis in women represented over half of all adults living in t he United States with one of these medical conditions (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2007).References CDC. (2013). Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Among Women http//www. cdc. gov/human immunodeficiency virus/topics/women/ Kaiser Family Foundation. (2007). Women and HIV/AIDS in the United States. Retrieved from http//www. kaiseredu. org/Tutorials-and-Presentations/Women-and-HIV-in-the-US. aspx Rose, M. , Sharpe, T. , Raliegh, K. , Reid, L. , Foley, M. , & Cleveland, J. (2008). An HIV/AIDS crisis among African American women a summary for prevention and care in the 21st century.Journal of Womens Health (15409996), 17(3), 321-324. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Sharp, S. , Khaylis, A. , Kamen, C. , Lee, S. , Gore-Felton, C. (2010). A Review of Psychosocial Factors that Facilitate HIV infection among Women Living in Canada the United States Implications for Public Health Policy. Womens Health & Urban Life, 9(2), 63-79. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Movie Review Muallaf

Rohana and Rohani experiences were attributed by their fix and their step- catch. There is a main locus of causality attributing to their experiences. The two babys ran saturnine home as the engender was existence inglorious, mainly towards Rohani where she was bald-pated by him and the incur was driven by their step-mother to behave in such abusive means. This whole scene is projected more towards the external attribution on the two sisters where the cause would be the pay off being abusive on his two children to fulfil his second wifes inquires.Rohana and Rohani lived together in an old bungalow and survived on one small income which was being take in by Rohani. Rohani took a job in a pub to embody herself and her sister, eventide though it is beyond her religious views. She did this because she had to protect her sister during the sidereal day from their father finding Rohana and taking Rohana away from her. And Rohani knew that she will be memory on to that job for o nly awhile until she reaches the legal historic period, where she will be handed over the trust fund that was left by their latish mother.Brians experiences are mainly attributed by his parents. One day, Brian was secretly variation an inappropriate magazine at a young age and his papa caught his act of doing so. Brian was dragged out of the house and toss out naked by his pop music on a street far away from his home. Brian was extremely fierce on the embarrassing punishment that his father had carried out. Plus, his mother did non even say a word or helped him when he was dragged out of the house. At this point, the parents were trying to shape a better news and punishing him for his slander doings.Under the stability concept of making attribution, the whole situation was an unstable cause, the fathers mood changed where he turned angry when he caught his son doing an inappropriate act. Brian held detestation against his parents by not returning home and being rude to hi s mother whenever she calls him punt home or to church. He lives independently and he serves as a teacher in a human beings school. The two sisters, Rohana and Rohani left home at a young age as well as Brian but they are judged differently base on the cause.Rohana and Rohani viewed that Brian left home due to his personality where he held grudge against his parents by not returning home and being rude to his mother when he was the one to be blamed for reading an inappropriate magazine. The papa punished him so that he could raise a better son. Brian was internally attributed due to his negligence of learning from the mistake and his attitude which hes not able to respect his parents in a verbally affected way. Rohani found Brian very rude when he spoke on the auditory sensation to his mother eventough the embarrassing situation took place many years subscribe and even when his father has passed away.Brian viewed that the two sisters left home was due to a situational cause when Rohani told him what had happened. Rohana and Rohanis father was physically abusive towards Rohani. He bald Rohanis head when she refused to head over to the saloon with her step-mother who wanted Rohani to garnish and style Rohanis hair exactly like hers. The sisters were externally attributed by their father who was siding more towards their step-mother instead of his own children. My reflection of thoughts on the movie changed as it progressed. Rohani was abused by her dad because of her step-mother, which was why she and her sister ran off home.They hid away from him for his cruel behaviour towards them. I was attributing that they hated their father for not showing enough love on them as for the way he had behaved. But later on, my views changed when Rohana was snatched back by her father and Rohani went back looking for her sister when she found that her father had stroke. Rohani wherefore stayed by her fathers side, taking care of him and not even bothering about the past(a) of what he had done to her. Apart from that, Brian is a type of guy who doesnt believes in god and never tends to step into church for his mass prayers.He was in addition being rude whenever his mother calls him home or to church. I attributed that he isnt a person to be proud of himself for not believe in god and I was stereotyping him for not respecting his religious views. But then my views changed as the movie revealed that, he was punished to be naked and abandoned by his father in a street after he was caught reading an inappropriate magazine as a child. He matte up that there wasnt love from his parent for treating him that way also, his mother did not save him when he was punished. He was traumatizing skeletons in his closet from his childhood days.

Essay on planning,preparing administering test Essay

political campaigns be dinner gown assessment instruments that are used to judge educatee cognitive faculty in an academic discipline as well as to reach information about pupils psychomotor performance. Tests usually consist of series of questions, statements, or tasks that are administered to a student or group of students. In tack together to develop a good assessment it guides proper planning, preparation and in the end administration of the examen. The development of a psychometric visitation that accurately touchstones student operation requires careful planning. Planning for tests should start with an examination of student outcomes identified in the instructional objectives. An objective is a communication device that specifies the knowledge, skills, and attitude anticipate of students at the end of a lesson. Objectives also include 3 components- Conditions appoint what is available to students (resource material, circumstances etc.).Performance specify the d esired measurable and observable student outcome (what the student ordain be able to do).Criteria specify standards or proficiency for satisfactory performance. Develop test items-Test items are classified as objective or subjective. Objective test items (true or false, multiple choice, matching, and completion) are easy to write and score and can sample large measure of content however, they are limited to facts, encourage guessing and fail to measure higher levels of cognitive learning. Subjective test items allow students to express their thoughts and require demonstration of mastery of instructional objectives. Validity is the extent to which a test measures what it was intended to measure. Reliability provides an estimate of consistency of test results. All tests moldiness be valid and reliable to accurately measure student achievement.Everything from student illness to examen environment can affect test hardiness and reliability. Planning test items-Test items should be as sembled by type and increasing difficulty. Test items should also be checked for inconsistencies and follow a parallel format. see test developers read the test for redeing and clarity prior to administration. take and concise test directions must be developed so students understand how, where, and when to provide responses. Administer Test-prior to administration, teachers should also consider the physical setting of the testing environment.Finally, teachers should also consider the psychological factors like anxiety and test wardrobe that affect students by explaining the reason for the test and adequately preparing students for the test. Few points a teacher needs to keep in mind before administering test are-provide students with practice test items, indicate to students that you expect them to succeed on the test and that you are available to help them. Lastly discuss the parameters of the test. The entire mathematical process if followed by teachers and explained to s tudents ahead in time, it is very much likely that the students will experience success. Thus, assessment should be an effort to move education introductory and an exceptional tool that would give student an advantage in the classroom.

Reebok Marketing Plan

Reebok Realflex By The Breezers Mannan Wu Abbey Barnes Chase Carraro Mohammed Baamer Deborah Dani Dylan By The Breezers Mannan Wu Abbey Barnes Chase Carraro Mohammed Baamer Deborah Dani Dylan closing grocery inventorying Plan Professor Quinlan-Wilder November 16, 2011 grocery descent 2800 Professor Quinlan-Wilder November 16, 2011 selling 2800 decision start proscribedr Summary Reebok prides itself on creating mathematical point of intersections to conjure up acrobatic ability. Upon formation of the partnership, Reebok has been dedicated to reservation athletes de fosterder. Since then, Reebok has evolved into the orbits plump for largest maker of lyceenastic app atomic number 18l and is a leader in the skid constancy.Now Reebok exit pave the instruction with its exercise to the current craze in physical controltingness and in t all toldy. The Reebok Realflex bemuse outing surmount the disputation through with(predicate) altering some aspects of the merchandising mix and introducing the Realflex garb as a muster upnessy slip meant to better consumer fitness. Taking into favor the deb cardinal analysis, which pinpoints Reeboks s depot a direction im base and the things Reebok atomic number 18 already doing surface, the propose grocerys stinkpot be better identified and the merchandise mix quite a little be better modified. When airing at target trades, Reebok has narrowed its food foodstuffs to college old develop adults enkindle in returning fitness, and individuals between 40-65.To the junior target commercialize, Reebok inevitably to need enhancing the gymnastic proceeding. To the senescence population, Reebok take to establish that apply their result allow for leaven wellness. By modifying its current commercialize mix Reebok mint meet the take of consumers. Price leave al 1 be at the median range of sideslip salutes as that makes the closely sense for our target foodstuff places. Reebok destinys to provide an low-priced app arl that does not cost as a lot as refreshing(prenominal) fit outless(prenominal) travel rapidly station, hardly offers all the wellness benefits of essential runway. How ever, as well low of a price lowers the respect of the result in the estimates of buyers and bequeath be detrimental to business. bit price plays an serious role in selling the Reebok Realflex, ho pulmonary tuberculosisment of the carrefour depart be where Reeboks competition is located. The stead pull up stakes be placed in major(ip) chains, the equivalent Dicks Sporting Goods, Sports Authority, and Reebok stores themselves. In addition, Reebok impart syllabus to give pairs of lieu to major gym chains, akin 24 Hour Fitness, and let the trainers try the increase as a way to recommend it to the desired target markets. When the space be in displays, the Realflex essential be front and center to centering consumer charge from th e moment they enter the store.Aside from price, promotion of the merchandise go awaying be unity of the most vital keys to the Realflex advantage. Reebok lead entrepot themselves in the chief of their desired consumers. Though Reebok often ingestions testimonials and vibrant discolour to catch attention, the young promotional dodge provide excessively focalise on the byplay that Reebok has for the wellness of consumers and for enhancing their performance. In more than(prenominal) than than ways the new promotional scheme relies on correcting antecedent errors of the play along (Easytone) and in a discrete way build trust among consumers who use Reebok products and shape them into loyal repeat customers.The most important component of the selling mix is the product. Reebok has created a product for the vapourish pur shell to better the health and improve the gymnastic ability of consumers. It is illuminate that Reebok believes in the product it has creat ed. thither is science to confirm the fact that subjective footrace has numerous health benefits and does enhance athletic performance. Reebok has made a product where science meets style, and satisfies the needs of consumers. It is imperative that Reebok convey this genuine pass on to consumers.Doing so provide build Reebok into a better business, increasing its market sh argon, all overall growth and profit. T fitted of Contents Introduction3 Situational abstract4 The Company4 occurrent commercializeing Mix4 Features and Benefits5 Current increase Life pedal5 The Industry5 Environmental Forces7 opposition8 SWOT Analysis11 unfavorable Issues and selling fair games13 Segmenting, Targeting, and aligning14 Segmenting14 Targeting14 emplacement17 Positioning Statements18 MarketTrak Tool26 Conclusion28 Appendices29 appendage A Competition Table29 Appendix B SWOT Analysis30 Appendix C Positioning comprise 1 College Students31Appendix D Positioning typify 2 ball up Boomers32 Appendix E RealFlex Pack agedness34 Appendix F mag Advertisement35 Appendix G billboard Advertisement36 Appendix H Pro-nation Advertisement37 Appendix I Billboard Advertisement38 Appendix K Glossary of Terms45 Bibliography46 Introduction The substructure cogwheel assiduity is a competitive market. Two important components in this industry atomic number 18 the quality and trade of the products. Reebok is a attach to with a long storey in the foot break down market and a merchandising mix makeover for RealFlex could in truth well put the company keystone on overstep.By increasing the focus on the health benefits for onetime(a) contemporariess and aesthetically pleasing mental hospital for young generations, Reebok lead be able to cover wider demographics, thus increasing sales. This is a product which needs to be on the feet of consumers, because once that happens the footwear leave speak for itself. The remainder of this marketing political program is organized as follows First, it will examine the company of Reebok and its moxieground in the athletic tog industry. Then, this plan will discuss Reeboks major competitors and fully describe its SWOT analysis.Next, this plan will look at the first part of the proposed marketing st castgy, to include the proposed ideas for segmenting, targeting, and positioning of the RealFlex lieu. Finally, the plan will be concluded with ideas for the proposed marketing mix plan of this product and then a re- furiousness of why this plan will ease RealFlex become Reeboks number one brake garb. Situational Analysis The Company The Mission at Reebok is to be on the cutting-edge of brag and lifestyle products built upon a strong heritage in sports (Reebok, 2011).Reebok strives to contest convention and lead through creativity and ache been doing so for over 100 twelvecalendar months (Reebok, 2011). The company was founded on one important cheer in the 1890s, helping athletes run faster (Reebok , 2011). Since then the main batch has been to help athletes fulfill their potential (Reebok, 2011). Reebok is an Ameri bottom- inspired global marque, which celebrates individuality of the athlete speckle also helping the athlete to obtain objects they once ruling unattainable (Reebok, 2011). Reebok is a subsidiary of Adidas Sportswear. Current Marketing MixProduct and set RealFlex footwear is a Reebok innovation contriveed to give the foot a devoidfoot feel through infixed movement firearm providing the comfort of a high-quality running shoe (Businessweek, 20011). RealFlex propertys 76 in cypherent sensors on the bottom of the shoe which argon designed to naturally conform to the motion of the foot (Businessweek, 2011). This engineering allows the foot to be 20% lower to the ground, which helps to re-create the feeling of b be feet (Tuttle, 2011). The RealFlex is priced at retail for $89.. 99, which Reebok feels is an affordable and fair price for this first-of-its-kin d shoe (Businessweek, 2011).Promotion and status Advertising for this shoe has been centered on the 76 running buddies or tread sensors, which make for natural movement of the foot (Reebok, 2011). RealFlex is also publicise to make the customers running style more pure through the unshod feel. These situation stick been advertised through a commercial ad run away which digitally animates the 76 running buddies as trail-running enthusiasts (Reebok, 2011). These blank space washstand be obtaind on identify at Reebok. com as well as through sundry(a) large-chain department stores such as Dillards, Nordstrom and Macys.Features and Benefits The RealFlex offers customers many a(prenominal) different features. The top feature of the footwear lies in the sole of the shoe where in that location be 76 individual tread sensors. Other features include combust metric weight unit materials, breathability, and the ability for customers to customise their own pair of apparel. The b enefits, or how the shoe actually helps the customer, ar generally based around the fact that RealFlex is a minimalist shoe. The b befoot engineering science featured in this footwear has been proven to skillen legs so that commencements whoremonger run faster for longer.Since this is a b arefoot shoe, runners get all the benefits of running barefoot without extra damage to their feet. Current Product Life Cycle Realflex has wholly been on the market for just about seven months and Reebok is windlessness attempting to come along over the customers preference through current advert, promotions, and explicate of mouth (Reebok, 2011). Although RealFlex technology is a new idea in the world of barefoot-style running space, this product is no longer in the growth stage. gymnastic running shoes, including Realflex, are considered to be in the maturity stage.The Industry The linked States footwear industry consists of makers of non-cleated rubber and plastic footwear that are meant for fitness and athletic purposes. The companies that are competing in this industry are dedicated to creating performance footwear so that they butt joint give the customer more value and utility. to individually one company then segments its product attracts to better satisfy the many different customer needs (Tufts University, 2006). However, there is significant overlap in the types of shoes that the athletic footwear industry sells.The athletic footwear industry is dominated by more than 230 manufacturers that make up over 50% of the market share ( vacuums Inc, 2006). However, there are only 19 companies that are actually competing in the athletic shoes industry. Reebok dominated the athletic footwear market until the late 1980s when Nike made its sudden rise to personnel (Tufts University, 2006). Considering to market share, Nike leads the pack and is projected to proceed growing as it expands more into China and India (Woolsey, 2007). However, in 2005, Adidas merged with Reebok in an attempt to raise the jeopardize in the competition with Nike (Howard, 2005).Price is one of the four categories in the marketing mix. A correct pricing outline is vital to e genuinely company. there are many different elements that can influence pricing such as unique technological product features, prominent brand names, celebrity endorsements and high quality materials (Walker, 2005). There are some brands of shoes that sell for more than $200, such as the Nike Michael Jordan 2011 shoes, and there are brands that sell for less than $50 (Nike, 2011). However, it is more common for shoes to sell for $85 $110 (Nike, 2011). Each companys promotional tactics bear differences and uniformities. trance Reebok started with the primary goal of improving athletic performance with its hi-tech running shoes, Nike began by peculiar(prenominal)izing in running shoes and has since formed its own running culture by sponsoring major running events like the Chicago endurance contest (Reebok, 2011). In fact, athletic shoe companies sponsoring races ranging from small track meets to nationally elite races, such as the capital of Massachusetts marathon, are quite common in this industry (B. A. A. , 2011). A company will at bunk one of these events in order to elevate its product as well as to help give back to the community (B. A. A. , 2011).These events provide very good advertising for the company and annex product profile. Environmental Forces There are two types of surroundal forces, large and micro. Here, the macro environmental forces that affect Reebok are examined. These forces consist of cordial, economic, technical, regulatory, and competitive. These forces are extraneous and usually uncontrollable. Social Whether it is a change in diet or an adoption of a fitness regimen, Americans are trying to improve their health. Sources regularise that Americans are exercising more, oddly when compared to 2001(CNN Health, 2007).Health is becoming an American priority eespecial(a)ly for younger generations (Saxena, 2010). Since fitness is becoming more of a lifestyle, running can be considered a growing trend. Fitness junkies and avid runners are starting line to wear more and more natural running inspired shoes (Johnston, 2011) The Reebok RealFlex is the response to this growing trend (Runners World, 2011). Economic With the providence winning a major downturn, fewer Americans can afford costly gym memberships or personal trainers just still feel the need to be fit.Since the economy has been slow, Americans are turning to more affordable ways of exercising (Wilkes, 2011). i of the most affordable ways to get fit is to go running. There has been a spike in the sale of athletic shoes since the U. S. has begun to press more with the economy. In fact, there was a 3% attach in the sale of athletic footwear in 2010 alone (Lets Run, 2010). Technological holding up with the technology involved in running is a unr emitting reverence for innovative companies since the type of shoe a person wears can affect their performance.The weight of a shoe can affect the tempo and development of the muscle (Runners World, 2011). The weights of shoes are also believed to affect races multiplication and can mean the difference between a win and a loss (Lovett, 2010). It is imperative that athletic shoe companies are innovative in providing products that really do improve athletic performance without compromising the health of the consumer. Regulatory Two regulatory entities that should be considered are the Federal mass Com guardianship (FTC) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The actions interpreted by the FTC and SEC are meant to protect consumers.Reebok recently settled a dispute with the FTC regarding false advertising of its Easytone shoes (Forden, 2011). This dispute was because Reebok claimed that its Easytone shoes were proven to actually military uniten face muscles by 28% and b uild calf muscles by 11% (Forden, 2011). The last(a)ization of the dispute ended up costing Reebok $25 million (Forden, 2011). war-ridden In terms of competition there are significant barriers to entry, especially with light-weight performance shoes. Many companies are focusing on fashioning light weight shoes a core competency.However, the question of which company has great competitive favour in the market is yet to be determined. Vibrams, the designer of the original natural running shoe, set up its web commit to highlight the scientifically proven health benefits of natural running (Pain from track, 2011). Additionally, Nike dominates the athletic apparel industry and pioneered the way for performance shoes when Bill Bowerman use his wifes waffle iron to make the first mental image of his own light weight shoe (Vann, 2011). Competition Reebok faces fierce competition from all sides.The athletic shoe industry is quite large and very competitive. Reebok receives most of i ts competition from Nike. In addition to Nike, Reebok goes up against Asics and saucily isotropy for direct competition, as these companies all sell shoes similar to Reeboks Realflex. Deckers Outdoor tummyoration is considered indirect competition as it sells non-athletic footwear. Nike Nike is the number one producer of athletic shoes in the world. One of Nikes greatest strengths is brand recognition and branding. Nikes slogan, Just do it, along with the far-famed swoosh, are cognize worldwide (Marketing Teacher LTD, 2011).Nike is continuously changing and update its products and advertising. The company uses many different marketing strategies which are geared for some(prenominal) different target markets (Nike, Inc, 2010). Nike, like Reebok, does not manufacture the shoes it sells. quite Nike hires subcontractors in go to plot of lands countries who manufacture the shoes. These manufacturers then ship the shoes to other(a) companies to sell. This can be both(prenomina l) a weakness and a strength for Nike. It is a weakness because of the dependency on the overseas manufacturer. However, it is also a strength because Nikes property can now be sed for expanding its product line or on a new advertising ctype Aaign alternatively of on the leverage and upkeep of buildings (Marketing Teacher LTD, 2011). Asics In 2009 Asics storied the grand opening of its first stand-alone U. S. store located in tonic York (Asics, 2009). This store also featured the revolutionizing 3-D pedestal ID to help the wearer become pair offed to the better shoe for them. The expansion of Asics in New York has allowed great influence of the brand name across the U. S. , which has helped to increase sales revenues (Just-Style, 2009).Asics retributory launched an all-out advertising campaign in 2011 that included TV, radio, Internet, print as well as being a co-sponsor in the ING New York Marathon (Fashion United, 2011). One of the weaknesses of this campaign is the dispro lotate focus on the overseas market compared to the U. S. market (Fashion United, 2011). Asics cash flow and net income had been falling slowly for some(prenominal) age and it needed to do something to improve moolah. This campaign was extremely expensive but already Asics is probeing a return from investment and an increase in its net income (Larmann, 2011).New Balance New Balances top strength would be the technology and innovation of its new products (New Balance, 2011). Every year New Balance creates a new and updated product with all the in style(p) in technology. In addition, The New Balance Foundation has given back more than $40 million to the community and non-profit organizations (New Balance, 2011). More than 50% of consumers compulsion to grease ones palms a product if they know that a portion of the profits will go to charity (Strahilevitz & Myers, 1997). New Balance relies on promotion through the sponsorship of races and fitness activities instead of using celebrity endorsements (Johnson, 1998).The strength of not using celebrities is that the price of the shoe will be less for the consumer since New Balance does not pay for the endorsements. However, the downside to this is that the younger generation is attracted to shoes that gestate been associated with top celebrities (Johnson, 1998). Deckers Outdoor Corporation Deckers is an indirect competitor for Reebok because they do not specialize in athletic footwear but instead are focused mainly on high-quality sheepskin boots and sandals (Wikipedia, 2011). Deckers biggest strength is its quality. The company is focused on roducing very high-quality products while lowering the impact to the environment (Deckers, 2011). Deckers helps to lower the impact to the environment by using a parcel out of recycled materials for the creation of its products (Deckers, 2011). More than 30% of consumers call for to purchase environmentally pally products (American Express, 2010). One of Deckers we aknesses is that it has focused about 75% of its efforts in advertising to the U. S. This strategy has resulted in a higher market share for the US but a lower share across the nations (Deckers, 2011).Deckers is now working harder than ever to increase the sales of products in its overseas locations (Deckers, 2011). (See Appendix A Competition Table) SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is a captious portion of every marketing plan. It outlines the companys Strengths and Weaknesses, and the markets Opportunities and Threats that pertain to the product (Wikipedia, 2011). The SWOT analysis is an important step in planning as it outlines whether the information will assist the company in completing its objectives or if there will be an obstacle that must be moved first.Strengths The Reebok Realflex barefoot shoes get hold of several(prenominal) strengths intrinsic to the products current and future success. The Realflex is scientifically proven to reduce the hazard of foot injury since i t is made of strong materials that resist distortion by brook and sharp objects (Sturtz, 2011). The Realflex has 76 independent sensors on the bottom of the shoe that oblige to all training surfaces and promote natural movement (India Infoline Ltd, 2011). Reebok also produces outfits to match the colorize of shoes and color customization on new Realflex purchases to meet customers needs (Healthhabits, 2011).Reebok is one of the top athletic shoe companies in the U. S. with a market share around 20% and it has become more effectual through good corporate operation strategies aimed at restructuring and improving quality in the manufacturing process (Landrum & Boje, 2001). Reebok also prices its shoes to be around the come market price which helps to increase market share. Weaknesses One of the weaknesses of the company is that Reebok has no factories and depends on overseas manufacturers for production of its products, consequently posing a risk since the contracted industries could stealReeboks designs (Dunlap, 1925). Reebok owns few stores of its own but depends mostly on retail stores to order and deliver the products, which at times can be slow. This strategy causes retailers who sell the products to wait long periods of time ahead the products arrive, at which time they may not have the same popularity among customers (vacuum-cleans, 2011). There are very few sponsors associated with Reebok which does not help to make it well known (Mercer, 1996). In addition, the company suffers from the previous release the Reebok Easytone, which claimed to tone legs and burn more calories while walking.This was actually revealed to be untrue by the American Council of fitness (Waehner, 2010). Essentially misleading consumers can cause them to be cautious of the Reebok strike out and they may instead choose to shop elsewhere (Nickson, 2010). Opportunities There are several opportunities for Reebok, including expanding and wee-weeing new markets with its new prod uct. Reebok has the opportunity to appeal to babe boomers creating a new market for its type of shoe. They are a generation interest grouped in staying active as they age.There is also the opportunity to market to active college students it all depends on how the product will be presented. There is also the opportunity for product development since Reebok has released a new product into the current markets. Threats There are many competitors offering a similar barefoot shoe product which is a threat to Reebok since competing companies, like Nike, are already established and globally recognized (Silva, 2011). In addition, technology is forever and a day changing and new products are continuously coming out into the market.The fast change in technology goes hand in hand with how hearty club is constantly changing its mind, which poses a great threat due to the companys low rate of technological advancement compared to the prevailing leading (Kagz, 2001). Competing companies may introduce cheaper substitutes which the customers may opt to buy. Economic crises also pose another threat due to the weak purchasing power of the customers. As barefoot shoes are a want and not a need, the economic crisis may have people think double originally buying. See Appendix B SWOT Analysis) Critical Issues and Marketing Objectives Critical Issue 1 Leverage Point Healthy shoe (S) + New Market Baby Boomers (O) Natural Running shoes offer health benefits and by advertising to a new market like handle boomers and the older generation (ages 40-65), Reebok has the chance to create a leverage point. related Marketing Objective 1 adjoin sales by 10% over the next year. Strategically place the product in areas whose demographics hypothesize a mollycoddle boomer population. Have the product easily brotherly to the target market.Critical Issue 2 Constraint Previous Faulty Products (W) + Expanding the Market (O) Reeboks previous innovation in fitness, the Easytone, was proven t o have no excess benefit to working out as they claimed. When Reebok does try to sell its product to a new market that may be more conscious of Reeboks previous mistake they may have no interest in purchasing the new technological innovation the RealFlex. Marketing Objective 2 emphasis on the health benefits of RealFlex over regular shoes. video display consumers that Realflex can help improve strength in leg muscles. Increase shoe health knowingness by 15% in spite of appearance one year.Critical Issue 3 Vulnerability Healthful fit outs (S) + ever-changing shoe Technology (T) Reebok RealFelx shoes face vulnerability in the sense that while it may be producing shoes with health benefits, the competition could be offering shoes with even greater benefits, such as Virbram Five Fingers. Marketing Objective 3 Demonstrate to consumers how much Reebok invests in its consumers vanquish interests. Focus shoe marketing not only on the health benefits but how Reebok was able to pioneer the light weight shoe industry with its sensors on the bottom of the shoes.Segmenting, Targeting, and Positioning Segmenting Some of the possible ways of target naval division for the Reebok Realflex shoes are geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral. The geographical segmentation would focus on those consumers in the urban and suburban locations due to the high influence of social media. The demographic segmentation could target consumers with a yearly household income of greater than $35,000 as well as unique(predicate) age groups, such as ages 18 44, as many purchasers of running shoes are ages 18 44 (Marginy Research Group, 2000).Reebok could also focus on the psychographic segmentation portion and gear it toward consumers who racket adventure and outdoors activities. Reebok decided to segment the markets into two separate groups. The first target market will focus on geographic and demographic segmentation. This market will include college students between t he ages of 18-24 who are adventurous. The molybdenum target market will focus on demographic and behavioral segmentation. This market will include those consumers who are in the older generation, like fuck up boomers. The older generations want to stay reasoning(a) and get into shape.The Realflex is perfect for this need, as the barefoot qualities of the Realflex strengthen legs and keep runners healthy. Targeting Target Market 1 The target market is for adventure seeking and active college students between the ages 18 and 24. These targeted college students usually reside in urban and suburban areas. The focus on these geographical locations is due to the idea that consumers in highly populated areas, such as a city, are more control by the social media that surrounds them (Thompson, 2009). The targeted psychographic market segments are geared toward those consumers interested in competition and adventure.Reebok wants consumers who want the shoes they wear to be able to handle anything during their fitness routine. Americans who have adopted the lifestyle of Fit Consumers are risk-takers with an adventurous outlook on life. Fit Consumers retain a taste for adventure as they age (Packaged Facts, 2007). The Realflex is a high-quality running shoe that is able to satisfy the needs of competitive, driven college student runners. The Realflex weighs only 8. 8 ounces for males and 7. 2 ounces for females (Jhung, 2011). This reduction in weight helps shave off seconds on a runners time.This gives the runner a competitive advantage over those runners who are not using lightweight shoes (Jhung, 2011). These students are always looking for the next outmatch thing to own, especially when it comes to shoes (Trend Watching, 2011). They want high-quality, lightweight shoes for a great price. Students also want to know that the product they buy and wear is something that will help improve their standing in society (Trend Watching, 2011). Reebok can give that customer v alue, and more, to this target market. The college student target market is 18. 6 million, which is a 22% increase over the last 8 years alone (Davis & Bauman, 2011).With a larger target market there will be a higher cost to reach the audience. However, with a slight increase in advertising geared toward this growing market, Reebok will be able to reach this group and increase sales by 10% in spite of appearance 1 year. (See Appendix C Positioning exemplify 1 College Students) Target Market 2 Aside from the younger generations, bilk boomers and the aging population (40-65) are looking to preserve as well as better their health. Reebok wants to attract the consumers who will find its product inviolate to the way they want to look and feel as these consumers will place a high priority on their health (Packaged Facts, 2007).They consider running part of a healthy and active lifestyle. Studies suggest that baby boomers and aging populations are much more active than they used to be. In 2005, baby boomers comprised one fourth of the health club memberships (msnbc, 2005). However, these consumers may not all be high users. Some of them may only visit the gym a couple of times a month or only run a few miles a week. Baby boomers are redefining what it actor to retire and enjoy old age, they are not anticipated to galvanic pile to an age segregated community and many will probably encompass working in some capacity ( speckon, 2010).However not all Boomers have a high disposable income in fact, they are considered a organize generation were they are assisting their own parents while financing their childrens educations. With Boomers still maintaining busy schedule it is also important to consider the usage rate that would justify the purchase of Reebok Realflex shoes. They may seem themselves needing a healthy shoe meant for their variations in fitness regimen. This same need can be apply to the aging portions of the population. The trend of healthy livin g is catching on and the market for healthful products, like quality running shoes will continue to grow.In consideration to Critical Issue 1 of advertising to the market of baby boomers, the Realflex shoe has a considerable leverage point given that it is a scientific fact that natural running shoes offer health benefits. It is also a fact that light weight running shoes are built to endure fewer miles because they offer less cushion however they offer health benefits like a natural running sensation(Run/Split, 2011). It is the use and health benefits that are more credibly to kick the bucket Boomers to the product. In regard to the marketing objective of increasing sales by 10% over the next year,Reebok plans to place its product in gyms by heavy(p) a pair to local trainers to act as credit leaders and encourage boomers to purchase them. Reebok also plans to place the product in convenient places for purchases, such as mall outlets to increase product visibility as well as sp ecialty stores. (See Appendix D Positioning Map 2 Baby Boomers) Positioning Beginning in 2009, Reebok started punish strategies in order to position its running shoes in a more technologically advanced, higher quality and flexible category which helps to nock the shoes from other athletic brands and place it toward the high-end footwear brands.Reeboks mission is to become an outstanding sport and lifestyle brand and offer many primary sports products (Adidas, 2011). In regards to the younger generation, there needs to be an emphasis on the fact that Reebok is a fashionable shoe to wear while either getting fit or just out taking a stroll. Reebok can position this product as being both quality and healthful by occupying the front window of athletic stores. While doing so may increase the cost of promotion, it sends a content to the younger generation that the product is popular, and at a minimum increases visibility making the product more widely known.There will not need to be r epositioning for this target market. In consideration to the second target market, baby boomers and aging populations, there will be some repositioning that needs to take place. As previously noted Reebok made the mistake of producing a product that did not have all the health benefits the company claimed. In fact, the Reebok Easytone has been rumored to have done more harm to customers than good. It is the older populations who are more likely to be aware of this mistake which means that Reebok would need to reposition this product in the mind of older consumers.Both of these methods will increase consumer pass on Reeboks product and assist in attaining the goal of a 10% increase in sales within one year. In regards to the second marketing objective, placing the product in gyms and actively seeking feedback from users shows the interest that Reebok has taken in demonstrating that its products are of high quality. Similar is the third marketing objective, touch on with the proving that Reebok is an innovator in the shoe industry, this is accomplished not only through placing the product in gyms and giving trials to first time buyers but also through actively seeking feedback from users.The feedback Reebok receives form users will help in creating lighter, even higher quality products to better satisfy consumer needs and enhance their athletic performance. Positioning Statements Positioning Statement 1 For college students who typically maintain an active lifestyle and like access to new products, Realflex footwear is the up-to-the-minute model of Reebok running shoes with advanced technologies to improve athletic results as well as allow consumers to customize the color of the shoes.Positioning Statement 2 For baby boomers that pursue a healthy lifestyle, Reebok Realflex footwear is the natural running shoe with high tech soles and light-weight materials that is designed to provide the health benefits of natural running. Proposed Marketing Strategy Product Reebok would not be doing any product modification to the RealFlex shoes. Instead, Reebok would be focusing on enhancing the RealFlex image while on store shelves. Reebok would make the shoes as appealing to the consumer as possible. An efficient way to appeal to consumers is to offer a more classic look in stores while also offering the benefits of RealFlex.Reebok would offer basic slanted shoes in stores such as navy, gray, black, and white, along with accent colourize such as blue, red, and green. The more eccentric alter, like orange and yellow, would be available online when customizing the shoes. This will be an effective strategy for the RealFlex because it would attract more customers who are looking for a dual-purpose shoe to fit their everyday lifestyle. This strategy is designed to attract customers who are not looking for flamboyant esthetics in their shoe choice.This is based on the belief that classic colors will cover a larger demographic, while still having more s pecific needs accessible online. These shoes will be box in a simply designed box that features bare feet and the Reebok RealFlex logo. Shoe packaging tends to be generally more functional than appealing to the consumer as the shoes can sell themselves (Packaged Facts, 1998). However, consumers enjoy showing off their latest purchases, and this newly designed box has the perfect accent to combine with the Realfex shoes. (See addition E RealFlex advancement) PricingPricing is an important factor that affects the marketing of a product and consumers attitudes toward that product. Consumers tend to shop for lower-priced commodities so long as quality is not compromised (Daly, 2002). In order to arrive at a fair price for the RealFlex shoes, Reebok considered several different pricing strategies and evaluated the effectiveness of each strategy in line with its marketing plan objectives. The go around price strategy for the RealFlex shoes is the At-Market Pricing Strategy. Reebok set the base price at $89. 99, with the customization options ranging from $5-$15 extra.The price is equal to the market price and to what the competitors are offering. Reeboks largest competitor, Nike, is offering similar shoes at the same price (Nike, 2011). However, New Balance sells its similar shoes for $95 while Asics sells its shoes for only $85 (New Balance, 2011). This pricing strategy allows Reebok to make a profit while still encouraging for a larger market share. Reebok wants to attract active college students and baby boomers to purchase the product because of its high quality and average price among rivals.There is a large portion of the target market, college students in particular, that are unemployed due to full-time inculcate or retirement. Reeboks pricing strategy is designed to enable the company to achieve a large and dominant market in line with the marketing objectives. The At-Market Pricing Strategy achieves objectives and enhances profits. Placement Reebok wi ll market the Realflex principally through retail bring. This is done because in-store shopping is one of the most important portions of the customer decision-making process when purchasing a product.A few of these retail channels will include Foot Locker, Athletes Foot, and Champs Sports. Reebok will concentrate more firmly on placement in states where residents are more likely to enmesh in a healthy and active lifestyle, such as Colorado, Oregon, and manganese (Nash, 2010). Through the use of these channels and placement, Reebok can raise its brand awareness and increase customer loyalty. Reebok wants the retail environment to highlight its brand value as inspirational, athletic, fun, and interactive (Adidas, 2011).One of the target markets, baby boomers and the older generations, want to purchase high quality products in order to maintain their health (Health Goji, 2010). They enjoy going to the retail chains so that they can try on the shoes and make sure that they feel good while walking. They are also able to go online if they do not find the color that they like and they can purchase from the Reebok website. The other target market, college students between the ages of 18-24, wants to purchase shoes that go with their physical appearance (Makgosa Mohube, 2007).They enjoy going to the retail chains so that they can try on the shoes and make sure that they look good while walking or running. This market can also go online if they would like to customize their shoes to have a little more color. Promotional Plan Health and enhancing athletic performance will be at the forefront of the Reebok Realflex promotional campaign. The shoe itself is meant to provide the sensation of natural running while still defend the consumers feet. This will allow the consumer to be able to run the extra mile that complete barefoot shoes will not allow.There is a big difference as to how far athletes can run in barefoot shoes opposed to actual running shoes. Reebok wants to convey to consumers that it is relate with their health and it is dedicated to improving their athletic abilities through the use of the Realflex shoe. It is unadorned that consumers in both target markets, college students as well as the older generations, are concerned with their health. However, there will be a greater emphasis on the health benefits to the older generation, as this is a major appeal. It is common practice in athletic apparel to feature fit models using the product in beautiful locations.Reebok would follow suit. Reebok needs to take place that no matter where you are, you can take health with you with the Realflex shoe This message could be particularly effective when considering older generations. They are more likely to travel and are redefining retirement. By positioning the product as healthy and useful there is a direct appeal to the needs of Reeboks aging consumers. (See Appendix F powder store Advertisement and Appendix G Billboard Advertisement ). With regards to younger consumers, like college students, there will be an emphasis on the message that the Realflex is meant for their active lifestyle.It is designed to enhance athletic performance because as a natural running shoe it alters the pronation in the foot as it strikes the ground increasing the amount of work the muscles do when the shoes are being used. It enhances the workout for these younger generations, especially those who are aware of the benefits of natural running (Appendix H Advertisement). It is imperative that both target markets are able to view the product as both healthful and athletic. The key take that must be avoided is that the style of the shoe is not exclusive to either target market.This issue can be resolved through the use of blending the concepts of health and athletic performance in advertisements. Reebok intends to do this in the main through advertisements featuring outdoor settings and races. (See Appendix I Billboard Advertising) Te levision commercials could prove more useful as a mode of advertisement. With the Reebok Easytone shoe, Reebok spent $64 million on advertisements of the Easytone shoe. gross revenue of that particular shoe change magnitude until it was discover that Reebok used wrong(p) advertising as a means to sell the shoe ( (Morran, 2011).The campaign for the Easytone shoe was one of Reeboks largest in a decade. For the Easytone shoe telly ads were highly effective in reaching target markets and increased sales. Reebok is hoping for a similar effect when it comes to the Realflex shoes. Many other companies also use telecasting as a means to advertise because it can reach millions of consumers for only pennies on the dollar. A smaller athletic company, Asics debuted a new national advertising campaign and the ING New York City Marathon, some of which includes television ads. In correlation with their new campaign they have also seen increases in profit (Asics, 2011).Aside from television, a nother mode to advertise to consumers is through magazines like that are specific to fitness and popular culture. Magazines that Reebok wants to place its full page ads in would be Runners World, Womens and Mens Health magazines, Shape, GQ and Cosmopolitan. These are the magazines which are better suited to reach both target markets. The anticipated cost for full page ads in these magazines range from $20,000-$25,000, however, these prices can fluctuate depending on the magazine and how much of a region it covers (Becket, 2009)..Magazines like Runners World and Running Times are the most vital to communicate how viable the Reebok Realflex is as a running shoe. In a lot of ways it is the way to get a seal of approval as a product. The more runners Reebok can get to buy the shoe, the greater the visibility and the more likely others are to follow suit and purchase their own pair of Realflex shoes. While television and magazines are useful, one of the best ways to gain attention in the world of fitness is to be present at major running events like races and expoes.Brooks Running shoes sponsor some totter and contrive Race events one of their biggest is the Denver Rock and Roll Marathon. They have nearly half of the floor to showcase their products and their benefits. Not to mention that they are able to make those last minute sales to participants. Participation in major races like, half marathons, full marathons, national race teams, Reebok again increases visibility and is able to position their product as a product for fitness. cost of sponsoring races vary depending on the size of the race.However, Reebok could take a different address and rather than advertise and sponsor at a major races like Chicago, NYC and Boston Marathons, sponsor multiple races in the Rock and Roll Marathon series which features over twelve races in the United States and three in Europe. Through these modes of advertising Reebok is able to reach both target markets and convey the he althfulness and the athletic performance benefits that come with the use of the Realflex shoes. In regards to sales promotions, Reebok will utilize both retailers and consumers to increase product visibility.However, Reebok will focus on going primarily after the consumer, through consumer sales promotions. Methods Reebok intends to use would be product samples and prizes. We would let the consumer try one Reebok product in the store and test it out for a day and if they do not like it, tell Reebok why to refund the purchase. Another tactic to take advantage of and redeem Reebok from the Easytone bad press would be when consumers bring in a pair of Easytone shoes Receive half off of the purchase of Realflex shoes. This specific method, allows Reebok to do damage control through public relations of sorts.Reebok can pick specific locations where previous buyers of the Easytone shoes can return their purchase for half price pair of Realflex shoes. It is imperative that to successfully launch and market a product that Reebok fix their previous indiscretions in regard to the Easytone shoes. As discussed earlier, advertising will play a major role in positioning the Realflex as both healthful and performance enhancing. It will be what the consumer sees in their magazines, on their televisions and in their gyms. However, the personal selling aspect will also define how the customer views the product when they come into a store to purchase them.While Reebok has its products in major athletic stores like Dicks Sporting Goods and Sports Authority, its important to make sure the retailers are well informed about the product, and provide the opportunity to test out the shoe on treadmills before purchase. In regards to the actual Reebok stores, retailers there need to take interest in creating a unique purchasing experience for the consumer. This can be done through acute attention to consumer needs and demonstrations of the products use, and the ability to test out the pr oducts in the store.When it comes to selling, Reebok sellers need to sit one on one with consumers and be attentive to their needs. While this method may be expensive it will provide that unique customer experience and encourage repeat business. gross sales promotions will also be done through visibility at expos and major races. Asics provides supplies for the New York City Marathon and Brooks provides supplies for the Rock and Roll Marathon series which allows them to dominate pre and post-race expos to encourage buying. It also increases visibility among consumers who are likely to buy the product.This method allows Reebok to go to the consumers rather than trying to get them to come to a store. While the fees can be expensive, there is opportunity that consumers will see the product and the company as one with their best interests at heart. Similar to being present at expos would be an interpretation of contests, ask small local races where participation is below three grav itational constant and give a free pair to each race victor or each division. This is a means to also build good will among potential consumers and entice potential runners into competing.The least used promotional element will be direct marketing, as the cost of communicating through send off and telephone. The one way Reebok would consider using mail as a means to communicate with consumers would be to send notices regarding the shoe with an explanation of the healthy benefits. The mail would also only go to previous customers to encourage business or members of a loyalty program as they may be more likely to want to purchase the product, if they have been satisfied with their previous purchases.With all of the factors of the promotional mix in mind the most effective strategy for Promote the Realflex shoe would be the defend strategy where personal selling is directed to intermediaries. Its is easier to utilize a pull strategy because it allows greater accessibility to the pro duct by already placing the shoe in malls and specialty stores. What is important to recognize is that each piece of the promotional mix fits together to convey a single legitimate message to consumers, Reebok is a company committed to producing quality products to enhance health and athletic performance.The variation in the promotional mix will be used as a means to communicate this message to target markets. The variety in methods will ensure that since Reebok is seeking older generations (40-65) as well as those aged 18-24 who are active, they are destined to come into contact with some type of positive promotion of the product. MarketTrak Tool Reebok uses a MarketTrak spreadsheet to show the projected cost of achieving its objectives for one year. This spreadsheet shows each of the three marketing objectives and breaks them down into several different tasks that can be completed within one year.Through the use of billboards, television commercials, sponsorship promotions, and w ebsite advertisements, Reebok hopes to achieve its marketing objectives. The first marketing objective on the MarketTrak spreadsheet is to increase sales by 10% within the first year. Reebok will achieve this goal with the use of billboards, magazine ads and special promotions. First, Reebok will design a billboard geared toward the older generations, aged 40-65, and strategically place them in areas that are largely populated by the older generations, like Tampa, FL, Austin, TX, and Phoenix, AR (Coach, 2011).Second, Reebok will place advertisements in special sports magazines, like Runners World and Sports Illustrated. Then, Reebok will offer several pairs of shoes for free to retail stores such as Dicks Sporting Goods and Sports Authority. These shoes can be well-tried on the treadmills at these stores so that consumers can see that the shoes are comfortable. Finally, Reebok will offer a discount price for 1 month on the shoes followed by 1 month of free shoe bags with purchase. The second marketing objective is to increase the awareness of the healthy temperament of the Realflex shoe by 15%.This will be achieved by giving 500 free pairs of shoes to trainers in gyms that are located in ten of the healthiest cities across the United States, like Boston, MA, Portland, OR, and Denver, CO (Haiken, 2011). These shoes will be used by opinion leaders who are in a position to show just how comfortable and healthy these shoes are. In addition, Reebok will give two extra free pairs to each trainer so that they can use them to give away to a couple of lucky gym members. Finally, Reebok will create a television advertisement geared toward the specific health benefits of the shoes.The third and final marketing objective is to increase the awareness of Reeboks investment in the consumers best interest. This will be done several different ways. To start, Reebok will create an online advertisement showing the overview of the lightweight shoe design and how the design help s with healthier running. Then, Reebok will add a new section onto its website explaining how much time and effort Reebok has gone to in order to create a shoe that really is better for your muscles and legs. Then, Reebok will design a travel billboard advertisement to be placed onto city buses that operate in large college cities, like Denver.This advertisement will show the wonders of the Realflex sensors. And finally Reebok will design a different television advertisement that shows all of these investments in our consumers. In order to ensure the success of each of these marketing strategies and tactics, Reeboks marketing managers will have a meeting at the end of each month to go over each of the objectives to see how well they are working. These meetings will allow for each of the managers to learn what is going on, see if the objectives are being met, and improve anything that needs to be upgraded.This is done so that everything moves along smoothly and nothing is forgotten in the process. (See Appendix J MarketTrak) Conclusion Reebok is positioning to be a high-end athletic footwear brand and a leader in its industry. In the next three years, the market development and product repositioning will allow Reebok to achieve its marketing objective which increases sales by 10%. College students and baby boomers alike can wear Realflex while performing a multitude of exercises. Its smart and chichi appearance allows it to be worn daily. With the previous issuance of a faulty product, Easytone, Reebok created a weakness in the company.However, with Realflex, Reebok can improve the past weaknesses by marketing its new 76 sensors technology and wonderful health benefits. This technology can efficiently support the runners weight and flexibility. This product, along with focused advertising, will increase consumer awareness of the health benefits that come with the Realflex shoes. Furthermore, the target market will enjoy the convenience of shopping in more Re ebok retail locations. This will help Reebok to increase advertising concerning the high quality performance and the health benefits within Realflex.With Realflex becoming more widely known, the product demand will increase. As a result, customer value will also increase. The final marketing objective is to increase awareness of how much Reebok has invested in its consumers best interests. Realflex implements the idea of natural running movement, emphasizes on lightweight materials, which its users can experience the barefoot feel. It shows to its target markets top quality running shoes with not only the health benefits, but also with the pioneer and innovation of its sensors to improve performance.Through the catering of style with the young generation and the health concern of baby boomers, the team believes that Reebok will reach its marketing objectives and spur the success of this product. Appendices Appendix A Competition Table Competitor Year Founded years in Business Loca tions Served FY 2010 Sales Offered Products postulate orIndirect Competition Nike 1964 47 World2 $19 Billion3 Athletic shoes, apparel, sports equipment, and accessories2 Direct Asics 19494 62 World4 $2. 4 Billion5 Athletic shoes, apparel, and sports equipment4 Direct New Balance 19066 105 World6 $1. Billion6 Performance footwear, apparel and accessories6 Direct Deckers Outdoor Corp 19737 37 World7 $1 Billion8 Sheepskin boots, casual wear, slippers, and sandals7 Indirect Appendix B SWOT Analysis Favorable Unfavorable Internal Strengths(1) Brand Equity(2) Reebok-Adidas merger. (3) Reebok is one of the top athletic shoe companies in U. S. in terms of market share. (4) Barefoot shoes are scientifically healthier than any other kind of shoes. (5) 76 independent sensors on the bottom of Reebok Realflex barefoot shoes promote natural movement, flexibility, and comfort. (6) The price is the average of main competitors. 7) Customizing the shoes with the styles and colors customers prefer. Weaknesses(1) Reebok owns few official stores and relies more on retailers. (2) Reebok doesnt own factories and they depend on producing industries in their production. (3) Previous reputation of releasing faulty products. (4) a few(prenominal) sponsors associated with Reebok. External Opportunities(1) Expanding current market and reach current markets with their new products. (2) Marketing towards several age groups to increase profits. (3) Product development opportunity. (4) Expanding to market for the product on social media websites. 5) Creating new channels of communication on social media websites. Threats(1) Many companies produce barefoot shoes and this leads to a strong competition. (2) Changing trends in footwear technology. (3) As barefoot shoe is a want and not a need, some people may think twice before purchasing. (4) Poor economy Appendix C Positioning Map 1 College Students Appendix D Positioning Map 2 Baby Boomers 5 Appendix E RealFlex Packaging Appendix F Magazine Advertisement Appendix G Billboard Advertisement Appendix H Pro-nation Advertisement Appendix I Billboard Advertisement Appendix J MarketTrakAppendix K Glossary of Terms At-Market Pricing Strategy Attributes Barriers to entry Beliefs Brand Awareness Brand Value Branding Channels Competitions Competitive payoff Competitors Consumer Consumers attitudes Consumer outlay Core Competency Cost Current market Customer Loyalty Customer Value Differentiation positioning Direct marketing Discretionary Spending Disposable Income Good willing exploitation Market Growth Stage Indirect Competition Leaders Market Market price Market share Marketing Mix Marketing Plan Objectives Maturity Stage Need Opinion Leaders Opportunities Packaging Personal Selling Placement Positioning PowerPricing Pricing strategies Product Product Development Product Modification Promotional elements Public Relations buy power Push strategy Reposition Retail Retailer Sales Promotions Segment Social Status Strength Substitutes Target Market Threats improvement Value Want Weakness Bibliography Adidas. (2011). Reebok Strategy. Retrieved October 10, 2011, from Adidas Group http//www. adidas-group. com/en/investorrelations/strategy/reebok/default. aspx Adidas. (2011). Retail Strategy. Retrieved November 2, 2011, from Adidas Group http//www. adidas-group. com/en/investorrelations/strategy/ global_sales/retail/default. aspxAmerican Express. (2010, November 16). American Express Identifies A New Era of Pause and Purchase With Five Key Trends Driving Consumer Spending in 2011 and Beyond . Retrieved October 3, 2011, from Marketwire http//www. marketwire. com/press-release/american-express-identifies-a-new-era-pause-purchase-with-five-key-trends-driving-consumer-1354739. htm Asics. (2011). 33 by Asics Collection. Retrieved October 10, 2011, from Asics http//www. asicsamerica. com/33byasics/ Asics. (2011, October). ASICS Debuts 2012 Ad Campaign at ING New York City Marathon. Retrieved October 28, 2011, from Asicsamerica. com http//www. asicsamerica. om/news&8212events/all-asics-news/october-2011/asics-debuts-2012-ad-campaign-at-ing-new-york-city/ Asics. (2009, October). Asics Store New York. Retrieved kinfolk 23, 2011, from Asics http//www. asicsamerica. com/ASICS-Store&8212New-York/ B. A. A. (2011). Sponsors. Retrieved October 4, 2011, from Boston Athletic Association http//www. baa. org/utilities/sponsors. aspx Becket, X. (2009, Ma8 8). The Cost of Advertising Nationally Broken raze by Medium. Retrieved October 28, 2011, from Webpagefx. com http//www. webpagefx. com/blog/business-advice/the-cost-of-advertising-nationally-broken-down-by-medium/mag Brandon, E. 2010, February 16). 10 Ways Baby Boomers Will Reinvent Retirement. Retrieved October 6, 2011, from money. usnews. com http//money. usnews. com/money/retirement/articles/2010/02/16/10-ways-baby-boomers-wil-reinvent-retirement? PageNr=1 Businessweek. (2011, September 21). Reebok multinational ltd. Retrieved Septe mber 24, 2011, from Bloomberg Businessweek http//investing. businessweek. com/research/stocks/private/snapshot. asp? privcapId=29964 Coach. (2011). Where Will Baby Boomers proceed? Retrieved November 1, 2011, from So Baby Boomer http//www. sobabyboomer. com/2011/08/where-will-baby-boomers-live. tml CNN Health. (2007, November 21). CNN Health. Retrieved September 21, 2011, from articles. cnn. com http//articles. cnn. com/2007-11-21/health/physical. activity_1_vigorous- intensity-activity-at-least-three-cell-phones? _s=PM health Daly, J. L. (2002). Pricing for Profitability Activity-Based Pricing for Competitive Advantage. New York John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Davis, J. W. , & Bauman, K. (2011, June). School Enrollment in the United States 2008. Retrieved October 11, 2011, from U. S. Census chest of drawers http//www. census. gov/prod/2011pubs/p20-564. pdf Deckers. (2011, September 23). About Us.Retrieved September 23, 2011, from Deckers Outdoor Corporation http//www. deckers. com/ our-company/about-us. php Deckers. (2011, September 24). Our Business Strategy. Retrieved September 24, 2011, from Deckers Outdoor Corporation http//www. deckers. com/our-company/strategy. php Fashion United. (2011, March 18). Asics Largest spheric Campaign. Retrieved September 23, 2011, from Fashion United http//www. fashionunited. co. uk/fashion-news/fashion/asics-largest-global-campaign-2011031811454 Forden, Sara P. F. (2011, September 28). Reebok Pays $25 one million million million to Settle FTC Claims on False Ads for Toning Shoes.Retrieved October 1, 2011, from mobile. bloomberg. com http//mobile. bloomberg. com/new/2011-09-28/reebok-to-pay-25m-in-refunds-to-settle- ftc? category=%2Fnews%2Fus%2F Haiken, M. (2011, September 9). Americas top side 20 Healthiest Cities. Retrieved November 1, 2011, from Forbes http//www. forbes. com/sites/melaniehaiken/2011/09/13/americas-top-10-healthiest-cities/ Health Goji. (2010). Purchasing Habits of Educated Baby Boomers and Their Health. Retrieved 2 2011, November, from Goji Juice http//www. health-goji-juice. com/baby-boomers. html Healthhabits, (2011). Reebok Realflex-Barefoot/minimalist Shoe Review.Retrieved from http//www. healthhabits. ca/2011/07/01/reebok-realflex-barefoot-minimalist-shoe-review/ Hoovers Inc. (2011). Footwear Manufacturing Industry. Hoovers Industry Records Overview. Retrieved from http//0subscriber. hoovers. com. bianca. penlib. du. edu/H/industry360/ overview. html? industryId=1164 Hoovers, (2011). Shoe Stores Industry Description. Hoovers Inc. Howard, L. p. (2005, August 4). Adidas-Reebok mereger lets rival nip at Nikes heels. Retrieved September 24, 2011, from USATODAY. com http//www. usatodau. com/money/industrie/manufacturing/2005-08-04-adidas-1b-cover- usat_x_htmIndia Infoline Ltd. (2011). Reebok Introduces Realflex Footwear. India Infoline News Service. Retrieved from http//www. indiainfoline. com/Markets/News/Reebok-introduces- RealFlex-Footwear/5236417417 Jhung, L. (2011, June 20). Reebok Realflex. Retrieved October 10, 2011, from Runners World http//gear. runnersworld. com/2011/06/reebok-realflex. html Johnson, G. (1998, January 29). New Balance Puts Foot Down on En

Waging War: The Iraq War and its implications

The United States of America has always viewed itself as a Big Brother responsible for protecting others and helping them is desperate times. This may prove to be a Good Samaritan act. However, at times, circumstances apologise that things be done according to what is just. George Bernard Shaw once said that the reasonable human being reconciles himself to the world but the infatuated one persists in trying to adapt the world to himself that as a result, all progress dep extirpates on the unreasonable man. In the course of history, this appears to be the truth (Young, 1995).World Politics check out the relationship that exists among states today. Even the course of history is greatly affected by decisions pertaining to politics and international law. It has become a determining factor in assessing the harmonious relationship between and among states, recognizing equality, s overeignty and respect for power and office staff (Jensen, 1982).Quite noticeable is how, historically, States to what the United States has dictated. Political camaraderie has always been outlying(prenominal) much important than plain public service to subordinates and constituents. The Iraq War has amplify all the necessary details of unjust practice of desire for semipolitical advancement and world dominance (Graham 2000).This paper seeks to discuss how the Iraq war has not served its purpose at all, making it being unjustified all the more down the stairsstandable.The premise on Iraq war lies on the misery experience by the heap. President George W. render has aggressively pointed out that the threat of utensils of mass close such as chemicals and biological weapons, contribute to the misery of Iraq. This is because of the fact that sanctions in connection with this threat has added significantly to the poor living conditions of Iraqi people when it comes to the exercise of their freedom.President Bush labelled Saddam as a Madman in control of a very dangerous weapon and capable of spreading terror and strife. This argument has reached outlying(prenominal) and wide, magnifying the unjustified conditions of Iraqis under the leadership of Saddam Hussein. This is evident on the fact that for almost 25 million inhabitants of Iraq, the per capita income is becoming less and less comp ared to five or sixsome years ago.Its economy shrank to more than six percent and among its major problems are mortality, malnutrition and poverty. The life of the Iraqis on a daily basis has been tremendously difficult, out-of-the-way(prenominal) worse than its situation a decade ago. This is the main reason on which President Bush has hoped to bank on when convincing others to join in the United States plight to wage war against Iraq.Now that everything has been done and over with, has it been a justifiable cause? The answer is a resounding no Primarily because the condition of Iraq has not improved after such war waged against it. More significant is the fact that mo rtality rates fox increased, pain in the ass more American troops and Iraqis in the process. terrorist act has not reduced but all the more became rampant.Another argument is the catching of a madman on the loose. Saddam Hussein has been captured and his demise has not changed anything. Terrorism still exists, and his avid followers continue to fly high long after he is gone. The end result&8212- misery and struggle among the people. The war on Iraq is nix but a political move to help move American economy, which is practically a war economy.The fact that waging war would fleece support from other countries means that America would once again flourish in the eyes of so many people thinking that the deliveryman is here again. But come to think of it, has anything resulted from such war? excursion from achieving President Bush goal of seeing Saddam in his demise, nothing else has been considered a productive result. The claim of existence of weapons of mass destruction has be en prove futile. No proof f such claim has been produced.In effect, what could be concluded is the fact that the United States has took advantage of the terrorism issue, magnified it and pointed it straight off on Iraq, so that people all over the world pull up stakes sympathize and unite with them in removing Saddam and waging war. Presently, what we have is an Iraq with a civilian government, a more free society but at the end of it all still looms the fact that people are suffering, having lost the identicalness of a country invaded by foreign entities.The war on Iraq was base on less compelling reasons. At the expense of the people, President Bush has been successful in removing Saddam, but has he been successful enough in making true his promise that suffering and poverty will be addressed and given proper solution? NO.Years have already passed since the war, nut no improvement has been evident. The plight of the Iraqis now is far worse than when they had a dictator for a government.REFERENCESJensen, Lloyd. Explaining Foreign Policy. Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice Hall, 1982.Ray, crowd Lee. Democracies and external Conflict. Columbia University of SouthCarolina Press, 1995.Greenstein, Fred. Personality and Politics .Princeton, N.J Princeton University Press, 1987.Neustadt, Richard. Presidential Power. newborn York Wiley, 1976.Graham, Allison. Essence of Decision. Boston Little Brown, 2000.Baumgartner, Frank. Agendas and Instability in American Politics. scratch University of Chicago Press, 1993.Young, Oran. System and Society in World Affairs Implications for International Organizations. New York Mc Millan 1995. 

Purpose of a Literature Review Essay

Purpose of a Literature Review to identify what has already been through with(predicate)/found, in relation to the investigate topic that is being studied and answers the skepticism of what needs to happen next. provide a brief overview of research youve read. evince that you understand the topic and have signifi nookyt knowledge at bottom the work of study and then make a grimace. Making a case may be an analysis of research, study, or conceptual argument. Also, be authentic to include a persuasive argument. At the end of a books review article you should identify a gap or mis translation at heart the information (identify and explore the gap). My progress to makeup this literary works review was sensibly similar to the writing of a regular essay. Ive used this approach in past assignments Ive completed including such as a narrative and an annotated bibliography. They all have similar characteristics. Thank goodness for this It gives me an predilection of where to start. I believe these common characteristics ar the main subject of the trance of writing and evidence/textuality of your point from former(a) readings. Textuality is using pieces of writing from other works to support your points. Beware, though these essays may serve as a persist, they also have many differences. What should you do next? *Ponders* selective information Information Information Be resourceful, support your claims, justify your answers. It is important that you do this in the correct way. My greatest advice would be to ask your professor for a look review guide and use it as you salvage. This depart ensure that your writing is clear, organized, flowing, and well- compose. If you feel as though you cannot do this for yourself, Id show having some angiotensin-converting enzyme else read your books review aloud. Dailyns essential locomote to writing a literature review these are my own ideas so I have no proof if they actually worked until I reciev e feedback. Im hoping I pulled this one together. How do you approach literature reviews? close luck, and until next time. Take care.Literature Reviews What this handout is about This handout will explain what a literature review is and offer insights into the form and anatomical structure of a literature review in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences. Introduction OK. Youve got to write a literature review. You dust off a novel and a book of poetry, settle down in your chair, and get ready to come a thumbs up or thumbs down as you leaf through the pages. Literature review done. Right? Wrong The literature of a literature review refers to any collection of materials on a topic, not inevitably the great literary texts of the world. Literature could be anything from a set of regime pamphlets on British colonial methods in Africa to scholarly articles on the discussion of a torn ACL.And a review does not necessarily inculpate that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you liked these sources. What is a literature review, then? A literature review discusses published information in a particular subject area, and sometimes information in a particular subject area within a certain time period. A literature review can be just a simple summary of the sources, but it unremarkably has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information.It might give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with old interpretations. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the dramaturgy, including major debates. And depending on the situation, the literature review may evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the intimately pertinent or relevant. But how is a literature review diametric from an academic research newspaper? The main sharpen of an academ ic research paper is to develop a new argument, and a research paper will contain a literature review as one of its parts.In a research paper, you use the literature as a foundation and as support for a new insight that you contribute. The focus of a literature review, however, is to summarize and synthesize the arguments and ideas of others without adding new contributions. Why do we write literature reviews? Literature reviews provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic. If you have limited time to conduct research, literature reviews can give you an overview or act as a stepping stone. For professionals, they are useful reports that keep them up to date with what is current in the field.For scholars, the discernment and breadth of the literature review emphasizes the credibility of the writer in his or her field. Literature reviews also provide a solid background for a research papers investigation. Comprehensive knowledge of the literature of the field is essential to most research papers. Who writes these things, anyway? Literature reviews are written occasionally in the humanities, but mostly in the sciences and social sciences in experiment and lab reports, they constitute a section of the paper. Sometimes a literature review is written as a paper in itself.

In what ways have various forms of visual entertainment media shaped American culture and its values Essay

Media has evolved unceasingly in the last century. There is a new source or outlet of media being invented. Our nation has moved from intelligencepapers and radio broadcasts to internet and cell phones to receive the news show of the day. Radio and newspapers atomic number 18 losing popularity as quick as it gained popularity in the beginning. People put up now be updated with news stories and spherical news on the go. There is no longer the need to saucy through a paper or wait through commercials, the news is as easy as a click away. There argon some(a) disadvantages to this new form of media delivery, however.Traditional media outlets like newspapers, radios, and television ar widely available to everyone, where as internet access has a littler audience due to expense rates/plans. Although, the media is changing daily news is either broadcasted or by word of mouth in America. I believe that there consent been many television shows and movies that have displayed the fini sh of times in them. People have been influenced by these movies and television shows because some individuals can re on the wholey relate to the lifestyles or shamions of the people in these movies or shows.Especially with videos out there for learning things, I venture that can really help with teaching people rather than just stressful to get them to read materials to learn. It gives a different view of the materials and what is supposed to be learned. Visual learning become global and many people are taking advantage of it while its here. The internet provides visual entertainment to all that have access to it. The media is all around us and what surrounds us entrust have an effect on any and everyone in the world.For example Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube and make an impact on media in the past couple of years. However, I think that these different forms of visual entertainment media have shaped American refining and its values by influencing people to act differently becau se of what they see on television or in movies. I believe that celebrities can have a large impact on how people say and do things. I am a male R&B artist and the message in my songs inspire others to change the way they act and think.

Mf0010

Master in Business Administration Semester3 MF0010 warrantor compend and Portfolio Management 4Credits (Book ID B1208) Assignment Set- 1 (60 Marks) Q. 1 Frame the enthronisation functioning for a person of your age convention. autonomic nervous system- It is r atomic number 18 to understand investors investing their entire savings in a single security. Instead, they run for to invest in a group of securities. Such a group of securities is called a portfolio. Most financial experts stress that in order to asperse risk an investor should hold a well-balanced enthronisation portfolio.The investment process describes how an investor must go ab protrude making. Decisions with regard to what securities to invest in spot constructing a portfolio, how extensive the investment should be, and when the investment should be do. This is a cognitive operation involving the following five abuses Set investment policy dress security analytic thinking Construct a portfolio Revis e the portfolio Evaluate the mathematical operation of portfolio 1. Setting Investment Policy This initial step pay backs the investors objectives and the summate of his investable wealth.Since there is a positive relationship between risk and return, the investment objectives should be stated in terms of both risk and return. This step concludes with the addition allocation decision identification of the potential categories of financial assets for stipulation in the portfolio that the investor is going to construct. Asset allocation involves dividing an investment portfolio among different asset categories, such as stocks, bonds and cash. The asset allocation that works best for an investor at any given point in his life depends bangingly on his beat vista and his ability to tolerate risk.Time Horizon The time horizon is the expected number of months, years, or decades that an investor volition be investing his property to achieve a particular financial goal. An inves tor with a longer time horizon may feel more comfortable with a riskier or more volatile investment because he can ride out the slow economic cycles and the inevitable ups and downs of the grocerys. By contrast, an investor who is saving for his teen-aged daughters college education would be less likely to take a large risk because he has a shorter time horizon.Risk Tolerance Risk border is an investors ability and willingness to lose roughly or all of his certain investment in exchange for greater potential returns. An scrappy investor, or one with a high-risk tolerance, is more likely to risk losing notes in order to get better results. A conservative investor, or one with a low-risk tolerance, tends to favour investments that will preserve his or her genuine investment. The conservative investors keep a bird in the hand, while aggressive investors seek two in the bush. While setting the investment policy, the investor similarly selects the portfolio management style (ac tive vs. assive management). Active Management is the process of managing investment portfolios by attempting to time the market and/or select undervalued? stocks to buy and overvalued? stocks to sell, ground upon research, probe and analysis. Passive Management is the process of managing investment portfolios by trying to concur the performance of an power (such as a stock market magnate) or asset class of securities as closely as possible, by property all or a representative sample of the securities in the index or asset class.This portfolio management style does not use market timing or stock selection strategies. 2. Performing Security Analysis This step is the security selection decision Within each asset type, identify in the asset allocation decision, how does an investor select which securities to purchase. Security analysis involves examining a number of individual securities within the broad categories of financial assets identified in the previous step. One purpose of this exercise is to identify those securities that currently appear to be mis wrongd.Security analysis is done either using primal or Technical analysis (both imbibe been discussed in subsequent units). thoroughgoing analysis is a method used to evaluate the worth of a security by studying the financial data of the issuer. It scrutinizes the issuers income and expenses, assets and liabilities, management, and position in its industry. In other words, it focuses on the basics? of the business. Technical analysis is a method used to evaluate the worth of a security by studying market statistics. Unlike fundamental analysis, technical analysis disregards an issuers financial statements.Instead, it relies upon market trends to ascertain investor sentiment to predict how a security will perform. 3. Portfolio Construction This step identifies those specific assets in which to invest, as well as determining the proportion of the investors wealth to put into each one. here(predica te) selectivity, timing and diversification issues are addressed. Selectivity refers to security analysis and focuses on toll movements of individual securities. Timing involves forecasting of price movement of stocks relative to price movements of fixed income securities (such as bonds).Diversification aims at constructing a portfolio in such a way that the investors risk is minimized. The following table summarizes how the portfolio is constructed for an active and a passive investor. pic 4. Portfolio Revision This step is the repetition of the three previous steps, as objectives might change and previously held portfolio might not be the optimum one. 5. Portfolio performance evaluation This step involves determining periodically how the portfolio has performed over some time period (returns earned vs. risks incurred). Q. From the website of BSE India, explain how the BSE Sensex is proposed. Ans- SENSEX is calculated using the Free-float Market Capitalization methodology, wher ein, the level of index at any point of time reflects the free-float market value of 30 destiny stocks relative to a base period. The market capitalization of a high society is determined by multiplying the price of its stock by the number of shares issued by the company. This market capitalization is further multiplied by the free-float factor to determine the free-float market capitalization.The base period of SENSEX is 1978-79 and the base value is 100 index points. This is often indicated by the notation 1978-79=100. The calculation of SENSEX involves dividing the free-float market capitalization of 30 companies in the magnate by a number called the might ingredient. The Divisor is the only link to the original base period value of the SENSEX. It keeps the Index comparable over time and is the adjustment point for all Index adjustments arising out of corporate actions, replacement of scrips etc.During market hours, prices of the index scrips, at which current trades are ex ecuted, are used by the trading system to calculate SENSEX on a continuous basis. Dollex-30 BSE also calculates a dollar-linked adaptation of SENSEX and historical values of this index are available since its inception. (For more exposit click Dollex series of BSE indices) SENSEX Scrip Selection Criteria 1. Equities of companies angleed on Bombay Stock sub Ltd. (excluding companies classified in Z group, listed mutual funds, scrips suspended on the brave sidereal day of the month prior to review date, scrips objected by theSurveillance department of the rallying and those that are traded under permitted category) shall be considered eligible 2. Listing History The scrip should have a listing story of at least three months at BSE. An exception may be granted to one month, if the average free-float market capitalization of a newly listed company ranks in the top 10 of all companies listed at BSE. In the event that a company is listed on account of a merger / demerger / amalga mation, a minimum listing history is not required. 3.The scrip should have been traded on each and every trading day in the last three months at BSE. Exceptions can be made for extreme reasons like scrip suspension etc. 4. Companies that have reported gross in the latest four quarters from its core activity are considered eligible. 5. From the list of constituents selected through grades 1-4, the top 75 companies based on free-float market capitalisation (avg. 3 months) are selected as well as any additional companies that are in the top 75 based on full market capitalization (avg. months). 6. The filtered list of constituents selected through Step 5 (which can be greater than 75 companies) is then class-conscious on absolute turnover (avg. 3 months). 7. whatsoever company in the filtered, sorted list created in Step 6 that has Cumulative dollar volume of >98%, are excluded, so long as the remaining list has more than 30 scrips 8. The filtered list calculated in Step 7 is then sorted by free float market capitalization. Any company having a weight within this filtered constituent list of